valvular heart disease Flashcards
features of the semilunar valves
- Aortic and pulm. valves
- 3 cusps (not leaflets)
- mobility passive- no contractions
features of aortic valve
- close to numerous structures - AV node and bundle of his
- subarotic curtain and continuity with mitral - often both diseased together
features of AV valves
- leaftlets, not cusps
- attaches to chorsae and papillary muscle to prevent them from prolapsing
main risk for valvular disease
age
2 separations with 2 types of valvular disease and pot. causes
- acute
- endocadrditits - chronic
- rhumatic
AND - primary/secondary
3 clinical outcomes from valve disease
- stenosis
- regurg
- both
what is downstream problems with these issues
chronic P/V changes cause hypertrophy and remodelling of Venst
2 other issues
- may be associated with jet lesions (fibrosis)
2. risk of endocardidits
what is aortic stenosis
- congenital or aquired - younger in cong
- ## congenital most ofter bicuspid
consequences of Aortic stenosis
- concentric hypertrophy
- SAD - syncope,angina, dyspnea
- risk of sudden death
what is patho of congeneital A stenosis
bicuspid valve>
- AAA
- high LV pressure
- poor outflow
3 possible assoc. of aortic insuff.
- lesion of valve
- lesion with adjoining ascending aorta
- LV hypertrophy and remodeling - esp dilatation (cor bovinum)
possible outcome of A insuff
chronic aotitis or aortopathy often assoc. with AAA
causes of aortitis and aortopathy
aoritits - rhuem - giant cell most common - leutic - syph aortopathy - marfan - ehleers danlos
causes of acute aortic insuff.
- endocard
- trauma
- dissection