Head Flashcards
1
Q
Point where zygomatic process and temporal meet
A
zygomatic arch
2
Q
3 processes of maxillary bone
A
alveolar, frontal, palatal
3
Q
2 bones that make up hard palate
A
maxilla and palatine
4
Q
Opening on inside of mandible for teeth
A
mandibular foramen
5
Q
Innervation of facial muscles
A
C-VII facial nerve
6
Q
4 main muscles of face and function
A
frontalis - moves forehead
buccinator - smile
obicularis oculi - around eye
orbicularis oris - around lips
7
Q
Movements of mandibular joint (5)
A
elevation, depression, protrusion, retraction, lateral excursion
8
Q
Meeting points of mandibular joint
A
mandibular condyle and mandibular fossa on temporal bone
9
Q
Muscles of mastication and their movements (4)
A
temporalis - elevator and retractor
masseter - elevator and protruder
lat. pterygoid - pulls head forward and lat. excursion
med. pterygoid - protruder, elevator, lat excursion
10
Q
innervation of mandible
A
C -V3 mandibular division of trigeminal
11
Q
muscles of jaw opening
A
digastric and mylohyoid
12
Q
main salivary gland and path of saliva
A
parotid gland>parotid duct>pappilae above 2nd molar
13
Q
Placement of parotid gland
A
between mastoid process and ramus of mandible
14
Q
5 main branches of facial nerve C-II (sup to inf)
A
Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Carotid
15
Q
5 layers of scalp
A
Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose areolar tissue, Periosteum
16
Q
2 parts of skull and function
A
- braincase - protect and support brain
2. facial skeleton - protect and support airways and food passages
17
Q
3 main sutures in skull
A
coronal, saggital, lambdoid, squamosal
18
Q
3 main meeting points of sutures
A
bregma - coronal and sag
lambda - lamboidal and sag
pterion - coronal and squamosal
19
Q
significance of pterion
A
mid. meningeal art lies just behind
20
Q
3 levels of braincase
A
Ant, middle, post. fossae
21
Q
Function and main bones of ant. cranial fossa
A
Funct - support frontal lobes
Bones - frontal, ant. ethmoid, lesser sphenoid, crista galli
22
Q
Function and main bones of mid. cranial fossa
A
Funct - supports temp. lobe, diencephalon, pit gland
Bones - temporal, greater sphenoid
23
Q
Function and main bones of post. cranial fossa
A
Funct - support brain stem and cerebellum
Bones - petrous temporal, occipital, foramen magnum
24
Q
3 layers of meninges
A
- dura mater
- arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi
- pia mater
25
3 spaces in meninges
extradural (outside dura mater)
subdural
subarachnoid
26
3 dural folds
falx cerebri
falx cerbelli
tentorium cerebelli
27
superior and inferior portions of head and name
supratentorial and infratentorial divided by tentorium cerebelli
28
cause of pits in skull
arachnoid villi
29
CN entering cribiform foramena
1 - ofactory bulb and tract
30
CN entering optic foramen
2 - optic
31
CN entering sup. orbital fissure
3 - occularmotor
4 - trochlear
5.1 - trigeminal - opthlalamic
6 - abducens
32
CN entering internal auditory meatus
7 - facial
| 8 - vestibulocochlear
33
CN entering jugular foramen
9 - glossopharangeal
10 - vagus
11 - spinal accesory
34
CN entering hypoglossal canal
12 - hypoglossal
35
vertebral arteries are branches of:
sublavians
36
entry of internal carotids
carotid canals
37
anastamosing circle of arteries
arterial circle of willis
38
main branches of external carotid
facial, maxillary, inf. alveolar, infraorbital, superficial temporal, post. auricular, occipital
39
veinous drainage of face
```
super. temporal
maxiallary
retromandibularext. jugular
facial
opthalamic
```
40
CN of sensory cutaneous innervation of face
V1 - opthalmic - upper nose, forehead, and supraorbital
V2 - maxiallary - zygomatic and infraorbital
V3 - mandibular - mental, buccal, auriculotemporal
41
boundaries of infratemporal fossa
inf to zygomatic process, between ramus of mandible and sphenoid bone
42
window between infratemporal fossa and pterygopalatine fossa
pterygomaxillary fissure
43
contents of infratemporal fossa
1. med and lat pterygoid muscles
2. maxillary artery and branches
3. mandibular branches of V3
4. chorda tympani branch of CN 7
5. Otic ganglion
44
Point of entry of V3 - mandibular
foramen ovale
45
Motor and sensory branches of V3 - mandibular
motor - temporalis, masseter, pteygoids, mylohyoid, ant. digastric
sensory - buccal, auriculotemporal, inf. alveorlar, lingual
46
branch of CN 7 carrying pregan para fibers
chorda tympani branch
47
nerve for taste in ant 2/3 of tongue
chorda tympani
48
fibers received and sent our in otic ganglion
receives - pregang para from CN 9
| sent - postgang para through auriculotemporal nerve to parotid for saliva
49
Communication between orbit and mid cranial fossa (2)
optic canal, superior oribital fissure
50
Communication between orbit and pterygopalatine fossa
inf orbital fissure
51
Communication between orbit and nose
nasolacrimal canal
52
disorder of too much eye pressure
proptosis
53
parts of ocular bub (eyeball) (3)
cornea, sclera, optic nerve
54
attachments of bulbar fascia (ant and post)
post - sclera @ point of optic nerve
| ant - corneoscleral junction
55
attachment of eye muscles
tendonous ring
56
6 extrinsic eye muscles and their innervation
1. medial rectus - CN3
2. lat. rectus - CN6
3. inf. rectus - CN3
4. sup rectus - CN3
5. inf. oblique - CN3
6. sup. oblique - CN4
57
position of eye if cut occulomotor nerve
inferior lateral
58
edges of eyes
cantus
59
muscle that opens eyelid and innervation
levator palpebrae superioris (CN3+sympathetic)
60
path of tears
lacrimal gland>lacrimal duct>lacis lacrimalis>lacrimal caruncle>canaliculi>lacrimal sac>nasolacrimal duct>nose
61
blood path to eye
int. carotid>optic canal>central art of retina>orbital tissues
62
blood supply from eye
opthalmic veins>cavernous sinus
63
vessels and nerves running through cavernous sinus
int carotid, C3, C4, C5.1-2, C6
64
Types of nerves in orbit
1. Sensory
2. Somatic motor
3. Para - for constrictor pupillae
4. Symp - for dilator pupillae
65
Sensory nerves of orbit (2)
1. Maxially (V2) branches - infraorbital and zygomatic
| 2. Opthalmic (V1) branches - lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary
66
Somatic nerves of eye (3)
CN 3 - oculomotor for most
CN 6 - for lateral rectus
CN 4 - for superior oblique
67
Para nerve of eye and synapse point
CN 3- synapse on ciliary ganglion
68
Symp nerve of eye source and function
superior cervical gang - dilate pupil
69
Path of parasymp to lacrimal gland
CN 7 > greater petrosal>through pterygoid canal>pterygoid fossa>syapse on pterygopalatine ganglion>follow zygomatic branch>lacrimal branch
70
Proportion and make-up of palate
Hard (2/3) - palatine bone and palatal process of maxillary
| Soft (1/3) - tensor palatini and levator palatini
71
Sensory innervation path to palate
V2>greater palatine foramina>lesser palatine branches and nasopalatine branches
72
Blood supply to palate
Maxillary>greater and lesser palatine A
73
muscles that support floor of mouth (2)
mylohyoid and geniohyoid
74
Cavities in which tongue is located
Oral cavity (ant 2/3) and oropharynx (post 1/3)
75
Divider of tongue
sulcus terminalis
76
sense nerves for ant tongue (2)
1. lingual (CN5) - regular sense
| 2. chorda tympani (CN7) taste
77
sense nerves for post tongue
glossopharyngeal (CN9) - taste and senses
78
function of intrinsic muscles of tongue and innervation
shape the tongue (CN12)
79
extrinsic muscles of tongue and innervation (4)
1. genioglossus
2. hyoglossus
3. Styloglossus
4. Palatoglossus
Innerve CN12
80
Blood supply to tongue
External carotid>lingual
81
3 salivary glands and openings
1. Parotid - 2nd molar
2. submandibular - under tongue (gleek)
3. sublingual - ant. part of mouth
82
main point of head and neck lymph drainage
regional nodes> deep cervical nodes
83
Floor of nose
hard and soft palate
84
roof of nose
nasal, frontal, cribiform plate, body of sphenoid
85
walls of nose
nasal cart. maxillary, lacrimal, ethmoid, perpendicular plate of palatinem inferior choncae
86
name of spaces between chonchae
meatus
87
spaces in nasal cavity (4) and their sinuses
1. sphenoethmoial recess - sphenoidal
2. sup meatus - ethmoid sinus
3. mid meatus - ethmoidal, maxillary, frontal
4. inf meatus - nasolacrimal duct
88
Entrance to pterygopalatine fossa of maxillary nerve and artery
nerve - foramen rotundum (from CN5)
| artery - pterygomaxiallary fissure
89
blood supply to lateral wall of nose (3)
1. facial>lateral nasal
2. opthalamic>ant and post ethmoidal
3. maxillary>spenopalatine
90
blood supply to nasal septum
1. sphenopalatine>septal
2. Facial>labial branch
3. opthalamic>ethmoidal
4. greater palatine
91
area of anastamoses in nose
kisselbach's area
92
Innervation of nose
1. olfactory (CN1) through cribiform
2. lateral wall sense - maxillary>nasal branch
3. medial wall sense - maxillary>nasopalatine branch
93
3 main parts of ear
Ext, middle, inner
94
Innervation of auricle of ear
Mostly V3, some C1,7,10
95
Bony make-up of ext auditory meatus
1. ext 1/3 cartelage
| 2. int. 2/3 bony
96
Innervation of ext. auditory meatus
Mostly V3, some C7 and 10
97
What separates ext ear from middle
tympanic membrane
98
Cone of light in tympanic membrane and sig
Umbo - will change if membrane distorted
99
Innervation of tympanic membrane
V3, C7, C10
100
Connection between middle ear and pharynx
auditory tube
101
post. connection of middle ear
mastoid air cells - via antrum
102
connection between mid and inner ear
oval and round windows
103
floor of middle ear
temporal bone over jug fossa
104
Bones of middle ear - all and indiv
Ossicles - malleus, incus, stapes
105
Attachment of malleus
tympanic membrane to incus
106
attachment of stapes
incus to oval window of inner ear
107
muscles of inner ear and function
stapedius - dampens sounds
108
Function of CN9 in middle ear (2)
1. Pregang. para fibers pass through on way to otic gang for parotid - enters via tympanic and leaves via lesser petrosal
2. sensory to middle ear and auditory tube
109
path of chorda tympani in middle ear
Facial nerve via aud. meatus>give chorda tympani>through middle ear>joins lingual>taste from ant. 2/3 of tongue
110
3 parts of inner ear
vestibule, cochlea, semicircular canals
111
Functions of cochlear duct and vestibular apparatus
1. Cochlear - heaing
| 2. vest - balance and motion
112
innervation of inner ear
CN8
113
liquid in inner ear
perilymph
114
5 connections of PtP fossa and through what
1. infratemporal - pterygomaxilary
2. Orbit - infraorbital groove
3. mouth - greater palatine canal
4. middle cranial fossa - foramen rotundum
5. nose - sphenopalatine foramen
115
Lymph nodes and region (5)
1. Submental - chin
2. Submandibular - under mandible
3. parotid - in front of ear
4. retroauricular - behind ear
5. occipital - near back of head
