Connective tissue Flashcards
3 main types of connective tissue
- ordinary
- cartiledge
- bone
2 types of ordinary connective tissue
- loose
2. dense
3 types of cartilage
- hyaline
- elastic
- fibro
2 main parts of extracellular matrix
- fibers
2. ground substance
3 types of fibers conn tissue
- collagen
- reticular - type 3 fibers
- elastic - fbrulin and elastin
types of collagen in bone vs. cart.
bone - type 1
cart. type 2
3 main things in ground substance
- glycoproteins
- proteoglycans
- tissue fluid
make-up and function of glycoproteins
- protein with carbo in it
- link parts of ECM with each other
make-up and function of proteoglycans
- sugars with some proteins embedded
- bind tissue fluid
4 causes of edema
- disruption of normal gradients
- excess prodution
- reduced venous clearance
- reduced lymphatic clearance
make-up of basement membrane
type 4 and 7 collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
functions of basement membrane (3)
- binding cells together
- filtration (endothelial cells)
- cell signalling
7 different types of cells in ordinary CT
- fibroblast
- plasma cells
- mast cells
- fat
- macrophages
- leukocytes
- undifferentiated progenitor cells
Features of fibroblasts
- produce fibers, proteoglycans in matrix
- elongated cells with oval nucl.
Features of plasma cells
- antibody producing
- from b-lymphocytes
- small cells with basophilic cytoplasm
Features of mast cells
- mediate inflammation and hypersens. reactions
- oval with granule cytoplasm
- activated by trauma or contact with antigen
What activated mast cells release
- histamine > vasodilation, vascular permiability
- NCF - attracts neutrophils
- ECF - attract eosonophils
Features of fat cells
- store fat
- thin ring of cytoplasm with fat in middle
Features of macrophages
- eat other cells
- antigen presenting
Features of leukocytes
- all WCBs
- increased # indicates inflammation
3 types of ordinary connective tissue
- loose (areolar)
- dense
- Cartilage
4 features of loose tissue
- more ground sub
- fewer conn. fibers
- more cells (nucleas)
- greater cell variety
4 feature of dense tissue
- less ground
- more coll
- less cells
- predominately fibroblasts
2 types of dense conn. tussue
- regular - ligaments etc. - unipolar fibers - strong
2. irregular - deep fascia - many fiber directions
cells of cart.
chondrocytes
how cart. gets nourishment
diffusion, no blood vessels
make-up of cart.
type 2 collagen, chondroitin and kertine sulfate
3 types of cart.
- hyaline
- elatic
- fibrocart.
Feature of hyaline cart.
- most abundant
- nasal, growth plates, fetal skeleton
Feature of elastic cart.
- flexible and resilient- dense elastic fibers
- 3Es epiglottis, eustacian tube, external ear
Feat. of firbocart.
- intermediate strength
- found where pulling occurs - mesici, tendon insertions
- blends into connective tissue
2 types of cart. growth
- interstitial - expansion from within
2. appositional - growth at edge of existing cart.
Cells of 2 types of cart. growth
- interstitial - chondrocytes
2. appositional - progenitor cells
