Connective tissue Flashcards

1
Q

3 main types of connective tissue

A
  1. ordinary
  2. cartiledge
  3. bone
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2
Q

2 types of ordinary connective tissue

A
  1. loose

2. dense

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3
Q

3 types of cartilage

A
  1. hyaline
  2. elastic
  3. fibro
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4
Q

2 main parts of extracellular matrix

A
  1. fibers

2. ground substance

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5
Q

3 types of fibers conn tissue

A
  1. collagen
  2. reticular - type 3 fibers
  3. elastic - fbrulin and elastin
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6
Q

types of collagen in bone vs. cart.

A

bone - type 1

cart. type 2

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7
Q

3 main things in ground substance

A
  1. glycoproteins
  2. proteoglycans
  3. tissue fluid
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8
Q

make-up and function of glycoproteins

A
  • protein with carbo in it

- link parts of ECM with each other

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9
Q

make-up and function of proteoglycans

A
  • sugars with some proteins embedded

- bind tissue fluid

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10
Q

4 causes of edema

A
  1. disruption of normal gradients
  2. excess prodution
  3. reduced venous clearance
  4. reduced lymphatic clearance
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11
Q

make-up of basement membrane

A

type 4 and 7 collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins

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12
Q

functions of basement membrane (3)

A
  1. binding cells together
  2. filtration (endothelial cells)
  3. cell signalling
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13
Q

7 different types of cells in ordinary CT

A
  1. fibroblast
  2. plasma cells
  3. mast cells
  4. fat
  5. macrophages
  6. leukocytes
  7. undifferentiated progenitor cells
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14
Q

Features of fibroblasts

A
  • produce fibers, proteoglycans in matrix

- elongated cells with oval nucl.

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15
Q

Features of plasma cells

A
  • antibody producing
  • from b-lymphocytes
  • small cells with basophilic cytoplasm
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16
Q

Features of mast cells

A
  • mediate inflammation and hypersens. reactions
  • oval with granule cytoplasm
  • activated by trauma or contact with antigen
17
Q

What activated mast cells release

A
  1. histamine > vasodilation, vascular permiability
  2. NCF - attracts neutrophils
  3. ECF - attract eosonophils
18
Q

Features of fat cells

A
  • store fat

- thin ring of cytoplasm with fat in middle

19
Q

Features of macrophages

A
  • eat other cells

- antigen presenting

20
Q

Features of leukocytes

A
  • all WCBs

- increased # indicates inflammation

21
Q

3 types of ordinary connective tissue

A
  1. loose (areolar)
  2. dense
  3. Cartilage
22
Q

4 features of loose tissue

A
  1. more ground sub
  2. fewer conn. fibers
  3. more cells (nucleas)
  4. greater cell variety
23
Q

4 feature of dense tissue

A
  1. less ground
  2. more coll
  3. less cells
  4. predominately fibroblasts
24
Q

2 types of dense conn. tussue

A
  1. regular - ligaments etc. - unipolar fibers - strong

2. irregular - deep fascia - many fiber directions

25
cells of cart.
chondrocytes
26
how cart. gets nourishment
diffusion, no blood vessels
27
make-up of cart.
type 2 collagen, chondroitin and kertine sulfate
28
3 types of cart.
1. hyaline 2. elatic 3. fibrocart.
29
Feature of hyaline cart.
- most abundant | - nasal, growth plates, fetal skeleton
30
Feature of elastic cart.
- flexible and resilient- dense elastic fibers | - 3Es epiglottis, eustacian tube, external ear
31
Feat. of firbocart.
- intermediate strength - found where pulling occurs - mesici, tendon insertions - blends into connective tissue
32
2 types of cart. growth
1. interstitial - expansion from within | 2. appositional - growth at edge of existing cart.
33
Cells of 2 types of cart. growth
1. interstitial - chondrocytes | 2. appositional - progenitor cells