Internal abdomen Flashcards
1
Q
Types of abdo organs
A
Retroperitoneal, 2nd retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal
2
Q
Two embryonic mesentaries
A
dorsal (both) and ventral (foregut only)
3
Q
2nd retroperitoneal organs
A
duodenum, pancreas, asc. and dec. colon,
4
Q
Derivatives of ventral mesentary
A
Lesser omentum, falciform ligament, coronary and triangular ligaments
5
Q
4 parts of colon
A
anc, transverse, dec, sigmoid
6
Q
Derivatives of dorsal mesentary
A
Greater omentum, splenorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments, mesentary of small intestine, transverse mesocolon, sigmoid mesocolon
7
Q
Peritoneal spaces of greater sac
A
Supracolic and intracolic compartments, R and L infracolic compartments, rectouterine pouch, subphrenic recesses, subhepatic recesses, paracolic gutters
8
Q
Connection between greater and lesser sacs
A
epiploic foramen
9
Q
4 portions of stomach
A
cardia, fundus, body, pylorus (antrum and canal)
10
Q
Connection bw stomach and liver
A
lesser omentum
11
Q
connection bw stomach and spleen
A
gastrosplenic ligament
12
Q
Connection bw duodenum and stomach
A
pyloric sphyncter
13
Q
Name of gastric folds
A
rugae
14
Q
connection bw stomach and esophagus
A
cardiac sphyncter
15
Q
Number of sections of duodenum
A
4
16
Q
portions of duodenum with mesentary
A
1
17
Q
3 part of small int in order
A
duodenum, jujuenun, ileum
18
Q
marker of jujenum from duodenum
A
where regains the mesentary
19
Q
name where ileum joins colon
A
ileocecal juntion
20
Q
Portions of colon with mesentary
A
transverse and sigmoid (mesocolons)
21
Q
first pocket of colon (attaches with appendix)
A
cecum
22
Q
3 main abdominal artery branches and their levels
A
Celiac (T12), Sup mesenteric (L1), inf mesenteric (L3)
23
Q
blood supply to lesser curvature of stomach
A
L gastric artery
24
Q
blood supply to greater curvature
A
gastroepipoloic artery
25
branches of celiac artery
L gastric, common hepatic, splenic
26
blood path along greater curvature of stomach (anastamoses)
celiac>splenic>gastroepiploic>gastroduodenal>common hepatic
27
Branches of sup. mesenteric arteries
inf and sup pancreaticoduodenal, ileal and jujenal branches, middle and right colic, ileo colic
28
branches of inf mesenteric arteries
left colic, sigmoidal, superior rectal
29
3 veins that meet create portal vein
sup and inf mesenteric veins, splenic vein
30
3 systemic anastamoses and their illnesses
lower esoph (esophageal varices), rectum/anal canal (hemorroids, umbilicus (caput medusae)
31
What does vagus nerve ennervate in abdomen
stomach, small int, colon as far as distal transverse colon -- extent of SMA
32
Locations of sacral parasympathetic innervation
follows the IMA - pelvic splancnic nerve
33
Source of abdomenal sym innervation?
greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves -- synapse on preaortic plexus
34
3 main areas of referred abdo pain and thier blood supply
epigastric (celiac), umbilical (SMA), hypogastric (IMA)
35
Organs supplied by celiac artery (foregut)
esoph, stomach, prox. duodenum, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
36
Organs supplied by sup mes art. (midgut)
distal duodenum, jujenum, ileum, asc colon, prox trans colon
37
Organs supplied by inf. mes. art. (hindgut)
distal trans colon, desc. colon, sig colon, rectum
38
Retroperitoneal organs
kidneys, ureters, suprarenal glands, rectum
39
Intraperitoneal organs
stomach, duadenum 1, jujenum, ileum, trans colon, sig colon, liver, spleen
40
2nd retroperitoneal
duodenum 2-4, pancreas, asc and dec colon
41
Parts of coronary ligament
faliciform ligament, L and R triangular ligaments
42
4 lobes of liver
L, R, quadrate, caudate
43
Liver peritoneal attachments (and to what)
lesser omentum (stomach + duadenum), falciform ligament (diaph + ant wall), coronary L and R triangular (diaph), capsule of liver ( bare)
44
arterial blood supply path to liver
celiac>hepatic proper>L (L, caudate, quadrate lobes) and R common hepatic (R lobe)
45
blood supply to liver
portal vein (70%), hepatic arteries (30%)
46
Path of bile
R and L hepatic ducts>common hepatic duct>joined by cystic duct (bladder)>common bile duct
47
Parts of pancreas
head, neck, body, tail
48
path of pancreatic juice
main or accessory pancreatic duct>hepatopancreatic ampulla>to duodenum
49
opening of pancreatic ducts
duodenal papilla
50
pancreatic blood supply (head and rest)
head - gastroduodenal, ant and post pancreaticoduodenal
| body - splenic artery
51
Region of kidneys
T12-L3
52
Layers surrounding kidney
perinephric fat>renal facia>paranephric
53
Breakdown within medulla
columns and lobes
54
What is in the kidney lobe
renal pappillae
55
Blood supply within kidney
Renal artery>segmental arteries>interlobar arteries
56
Path of urine out of kidney
mino calyces>major calyces>renal pelvis>ureter
57
blood supply to adrenal glands
suprarenal arteries, inferior phrenic arteries, branches of renal arteries
58
parts of adrenals and secretions
cortex (mineral and glucocorticoids), medulla (epinephrine and norepinephrine)
59
Names of lumbar nerves below T12
Subcostal T12, Iliohypogastric L1, ilioinguinal L1, genitofemoral L1,2, lateral femoral L2,3, femoral, obruator L2,3,4, accessory obturator
60
Level the IVC, thoracic art, and eso penetrate diaphram
T8, T12, T10
61
Level of celiac, SMA, IMA
T12, L1, L3
62
Blood supply to paired branches
Inf phrenic, suprarenal, renal, gonadal, lumbar, common iliac arteries
63
Blood supply to unpaired branches
Celiac, SMA, IMA
64
Veinous drainage of paired and unpaired orgasn
paired -IVC, unpaired - portal vein
65
Lymphatic drainage of paired and unpaired organs
Paired - to paraaortic nodes , unpaired - to preaortic nodes
66
Level of aortic bifurcation
L4
67
Band of 3 muscles that run along colon (where they meet)
Tinea coli (meet at appendix)
68
Difference between jejunum and illeum
jejunum has less elaborate acades and longer vasa recta, more plicae semilunaris
69
Order of blood supply to small intestine from SMA
SMA>intestinal arteries>acades>vasa recta
70
Level of bifurcation of IVC
L5
71
End of lymphatic drainage from testicles and scrotal skin
testicles - paraaortic nodes
| skin - inguinal nodes
72
dangler of pancreas
uncinate process
73
point where pancreatic ducts enter
major and minor duodenal papilla
74
source of blood supply to pancreas (head, body, tail)
- splenic artery (body + tail)
- gastroduodenal > superior panreaticoduodenal art (head)
- SMA > inferior pancreaticoduodenal arts
75
Branches of desc aorta from sup to inf
phrenic>celiac>suprarenal>SMA>gonadal>IMA>common illiac
76
Function and attachments of psoas
hip flexion/rotation
| L1-5 > femur
77
Subcostal nerve level and function
T12, motor to ant. wall + rectus abd., sensory to skin and peritoneum
78
Nerve content of post abdomemal wall
lumbar symp chain, subcostal nerve, ant. primary rami of lumbar spinal nerves
79
Level and function of iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal
L1
between trans abdom and internal oblique
-motor to ant. wall + rectus abd., sensory to skin and peritoneum
- illioinguinal goes through spermatic cord to provide sensory to ant scrotum or lab majora
80
Level and function of gentiofemoral
L1,2
- Femoral branch under ing. ligament to skin of upper thigh
- Genital branch through ing canal to supply motor to cremaster/dartos or sense to labia
81
level and function of later cutaneous nerve of thigh
L2,3 to lateral thigh
82
level and function of femoral nerve
L2,3,4
- between psoas and illiacus to under ing ligment
- motor to ant thigh and sense to hip joint and ant thigh
83
level and function of lumbosacral trunk
L4,5
| - to lumbosacral plexus
84
Level and function of obtuator nerve
L2,3,4
medial to psoas and passes through obturator canal
- medial compartment of thigh and sensory to hip joint and skin of medial thigh
85
Blood supply to esophageous
bronchial, esophageal, L gastric
86
Parts of diaphragm and their attachments
Central tendon - center
Sternal - attach to post xyphoid process
Costal - attach to inferior 6 ribs
Lumbar - two crura and muscle fibers that arise from medial and lat arcuate ligs
87
Peritoneal ligaments and their attachments
Gastrosplenic - spleen to L greater curve
Splenorenal - spleen to kidney with splenic art
Gastrophrenic - upper greater curve to diaph
Gastrocolic - stomach to trans colon
Phrenicolic - colic flexure to diaph
Falciform-
Teres
Venosum
Coronary
