fractures hip treatment Flashcards
1
Q
3 types of hip fractures
A
- neck
- intertrochanteric
- sub trochal
2
Q
3 main epi of hip fracture
A
- age
- metabolic bone disease
- falls
3
Q
4 reasons hip can be a problem
A
- precarious blood supply
- delicate retinacular vessels
- art. cart. cover
- significanc force transmission
4
Q
4 classes of hip fracture
A
Garden 1-4
1-2: relatively stable
3-4: unstable
5
Q
2 main Sx
A
- PAIN!
2. inability to ambulate
6
Q
4 signs
A
- if displaced -deformed
- short
- externally rotated
- guarding_+++
7
Q
initial treatment
A
- admit
- apply skin traction
- optimize concurrent disesase
- plan surg
- rehab program
8
Q
4 goals of surgery
A
- pain releif
- reduce deformity
- promote union
- early ambulation
9
Q
when to use screw fixation
A
- sub capital fractures
- must not penetrate joint
- non-union ca occur
10
Q
when to use screw-plate fixation
A
- inter and subtrochanteric fractures
- larger incision and blood loss
11
Q
what is primary arthroplasty
A
joint replacment
- definitive
- early weight bearing
- limited longevity
- infection risk
12
Q
4 indications for joint replacement
A
- displace subcapital - >70yo
- patho fracture due to tumor
- co-existant arthopathy
- head splitting fracture
13
Q
2 types of replacements
A
- hemi - head and neck
2. total
14
Q
4 local complications
A
- intra-operative injury
- infection
- non-union
- osteonecrosis
15
Q
3 regional complicaitiokns
A
- DVT
- decubitus ulcers
- deformity ad stiffness
16
Q
6 systemic complications
A
- pulmonary
- confusion
- PE
- UTI
- 10-15% mortality in year 1
- loss of indep.
17
Q
3 prosthetic complications
A
1/ dislocation
- loosening of prosthesis
- acetabular wear
18
Q
5 prognostic factors
A
- age
- quality of reduction
3 severit of intial fracture - fixation device
- general health
19
Q
4 prevention strategies
A
- bone loss preventions
- home safety
- walking aids
- special garments
