Emergin disease and bioterror

Question 1

3 types of emerging disease

Answer 1

1. newly emerging- not previously recognized in humans
2. re-emerging - previosly recognized but in new places or greater #s
3. deliberatly emerging - bioterrorsim

Question 2

7 factors involved in emergence of disease

Answer 2

1. microbial adaptations and change
2. international travel and commerce
3. intent to harm
4. climate and weather
5. economic dev. and land use
6. breakdown of public health
7. human susceptibility

Question 3

factors involved in HIV (4)

Answer 3

1. microbial adaptations and change
2. international travel and commerce
3. economic dev. and land use
4. human susceptibility

Question 4

def. seasonal flu

Answer 4

mild to moderate resp illness that may be associated with death

Question 5

def. pndemic flu

Answer 5

• mild to moderate resp illness that may be associated with death
• higher attack rates
• fatality rate may be lower or higher

Question 6

3 types of seasonal flu

Answer 6

ABC

Question 7

1 type of avian/swine flu

Answer 7

A

Question 8

what causes pandemic flu

Answer 8

Novel human influenza viruses formed from
adaptation of avian/swine/other animal influenza
viruses or recombination between
avian/swine/other animal influenza viruses and
human influenza viruses

Question 9

what allows flu to recombine so easily

Answer 9

7 separate RNA segments that can be swapped

Question 10

what was H1N1

Answer 10

quad combination of 2 swine, 1 avian, 1 human flus

Question 11

what are H1N1 attack and death rates

Answer 11

attack - 14.5%

death - 0.5%

Question 12

3 factors involved in pandemic flu

Answer 12

1. Microbial adaptation and change
2. Travel and commerce
3. Human susceptibility to infection

Question 13

what is SARS

Answer 13

febrile illness with 10% fatality rate

Question 14

where did SARS come from

Answer 14

close proximity with civet cats in asia and then hong kong hotel

Question 15

3 factors involved in SARS spread

Answer 15

1. Microbial adaptation and change
2. Travel and commerce
3. Human susceptibility to infection

Question 16

what are HIV, flu, and SARS

Answer 16

newly emerging disease

Question 17

2 examples of re-emergin disease

Answer 17

1. west nile

2. ebola

Question 18

what is west nile

Answer 18

• mosquito borne
• febrile ilness to encephalitis
• from uganda
• in NA in 1999

Question 19

what is west nile reservoir

Answer 19

birds

Question 20

2 factors involved in west nile

Answer 20

1. travel and commerce

2. susceptibility of humans

Question 21

where was ebola originally

Answer 21

sudan and zaire, then central africa

Question 22

where is ebola from

Answer 22

bats or infected animals

Question 23

3 factors involved in ORIGNAL ebola spread

Answer 23

1. microbial adaptation
2. economic dev. and land use
3. human susceptibility

Question 24

4 factors involved in re-emergnece

Answer 24

1. microbial adaptation
2. travel and commerce
3. public health breakdown
4. human susceptability

Question 25

what makes and agent a class A bio agent

Answer 25

1. easily disseminated
2. easily transmitted
3. high mortality

Question 26

examples of class A

Answer 26

1. antrax
2. yersinia pestis
3. clostridium botulinum

Question 27

what is antrax

Answer 27

• bacillus antracis

- spore forming Gr+ bacillus normally found in soil