Dementia

Question 1

def. dementia

Answer 1

symptom on neuro degenetative disease

Question 2

biggest risk for dementia

Answer 2

age

Question 3

what are 6 neuro conditions associated with dementia

Answer 3

1. alz - most common
2. lewy-body
3. parkinson
4. fronto-temporal
5. progressive supranuclear palsy
6. corticobasal syndrome

Question 4

def. alzheimers

Answer 4

cog. deficits are evident on Hx and exam in one of 2 following cats:
1. amnetic presnetation
- most common
- impairment of learning and recall
2. non-amnestic
- language
- visual
- executive

Question 5

what is between normal and alz

Answer 5

mild cog. impariment

Question 6

what is lewy body

Answer 6

- diffuse atrophy
dementia plus 2 of
- fluctuation
- visual halluc
- parkinsonism

Question 7

what is parkinson dementia

Answer 7

tremor/rigidity + dementia

Question 8

what is vascular dementia

Answer 8

tend to have vascular risk factors
dementia + 
probable VaD
- clear temporal relationship
possible VaD
- unclear temporal relationship

Question 9

what is fronto-temporal degen

Answer 9

family of syndromes

Question 10

what is behvioural variant FTD

Answer 10

change in personality
Possible (3/6)
- disinhibition
- apathy
- loss of emotional reactivity
- perseverative, sterotyped behavior
- hyperorality, eating changes
- executive issues

Question 11

what is primary progressive aphasia

Answer 11

clincal syndromes that involve language impairments selectively, or early on

Question 12

what is semantic variant PPA

Answer 12

hemisphere affected determines issues
Left
- loss of meaning for words, objects, emotions
Right
- behavioral and social conduct
- loss of person based semantic knowledge
- loss of empathy and ability to recognize emotions

Question 13

what is non-fluent variant PPA

Answer 13

• disorder of expressive language and speech production

- behavior/insight preserved early on

Question 14

what is extending term FTLD

Answer 14

some shit I don;t get

Question 15

what test can aid in diagnosis of alz

Answer 15

CSF: A-beta, Tau

Question 16

def. of mild cog. impariment (4)

Answer 16

1. concern regarding change in cognition
2. impairment in one or more cog domains
3. preservation of independence in functional abil
4. not demented

Question 17

***Top ten on DDx for alter cog. behaovior

Answer 17

Alz
Vasc
Drugs
Ethanol
Medical/metabolic
Eendocrine, ears, eyes, env
Neurologic
Tumor, toxin, traums
Infection, idiopathi, inflammation
Amnesia, autoimmune

Question 18

2 basic premise to Tx

Answer 18

1. interfere with formation of toxic substances

2. remove substances

Question 19

5 meds for alz

Answer 19

1. Ach-esterase inhibs
2. NMDA-r antagonists
3. SSRIs
4. atypical antipsych
5. other

Question 20

Tx for frontotemporal

Answer 20

• none avaialbel
• antideps and anti-psych
• possible TAU in future

Question 21

3 meds for parkinsons

Answer 21

1. DOPA
2. Ach-esterase inhibs
3. anti-dep

Question 22

Tx for vascular dem

Answer 22

control vascular risk factors

• BP, sugar, lipids
• exercise

Question 23

what is important about first Sx

Answer 23

• clue to anatomy and neurophys
• ## diagnosis required for prognosis

Question 24

5 common first Sx in AD

Answer 24

1. missing appointments
2. losing keys
3. repeating stories
4. repetitive Qs
5. lost

Question 25

6 1st Sx in frontotemporal dem

Answer 25

executive function

1. disinhibition
2. pers. change
3. lack of concern for others
4. apathy
5. overeating
6. lack or planning/organization

Question 26

first Sx with lewy body

Answer 26

• movement
• hallucinations
• REM motor behavior