body fluid compartments

Question 1

what is osmosis

Answer 1

diffusion of water form high to low solutes

Question 2

what is osmolarity

Answer 2

[C} of all particle mosm/L

Question 3

what is normal body osmolatiry

Answer 3

295 mosm/L

Question 4

what are 2 types of pressure that can move fluids

Answer 4

1. hydrostatic - push

2. osmosis - pulls (sucking)

Question 5

what is total body water in men and women

Answer 5

men - 60%

women - 50%

Question 6

how much water in most tissue

Answer 6

75-80%

Question 7

where is total body water

Answer 7

ECF - 1/3

ICF - 2/3

Question 8

where is most ECF water

Answer 8

interstitial 3/4 (25% total)

plasma 1/4 (8% total)

Question 9

what is composition of plasma

Answer 9

93% water, 7% solids

Question 10

what is sequestered water

Answer 10

unavailable water in the bone and CT - not counted for calclulations

Question 11

what factors affect water

Answer 11

age - less with age
women - less water
fat - less with fat

Question 12

what is average blood volume

Answer 12

70cc/kg – 5L in normal male - 3L plasma

Question 13

what is border between ICF and other

Answer 13

cell membrane

Question 14

what is border between plasma and ISF

Answer 14

cap walls

Question 15

how does water get into cells

Answer 15

through aquaporin channels

Question 16

what happens when add salt to body

Answer 16

water exits cells

Question 17

what is tonicity

Answer 17

[C] off effective osmoles (usually Na)

Question 18

what is hypertonic

Answer 18

more solute than normal

Question 19

what are main ECF and ICF cations

Answer 19

ECF - Na

ICF - K

Question 20

what maintains differences between Na and K

Answer 20

ATP ase - NA out and K in

Question 21

what is normal ECF [Na}

Answer 21

140

Question 22

what percentage of osmolarity is Na

Answer 22

95%

Question 23

what is size of ICF and ECF compartments dep on?

Answer 23

water - follows the solutes, but solutes don’t pass easily

Question 24

what is osmolarity forumula

Answer 24

particles/vol

Question 25

what us ICF volume formula

Answer 25

ICF vol = # ICF particles/ECF osmolarity – ICF volume is inversely proportional to ECF osmolarity

Question 26

what happens if add 3L of water to ECF

Answer 26

2L to ICF and 1L stays in ECF

Question 27

what happens to ICF in hyponatremia

Answer 27

ICF up - swollen

Question 28

what happens to ICF in hypernatremia

Answer 28

ICF down - shrunken

Question 29

what are 2 exception to hyponatreemia rules

Answer 29

1. hyperglycemia - water leaves cells and shrink, yet hyponatremia
2. hypertriglyceridemia

Question 30

what does [Na} tell you about ECF volume

Answer 30

nothing!

Question 31

what can diffuse through a small cap

Answer 31

only water and small solutes

Question 32

what is main diff between plasma and ISF consitiuents

Answer 32

plasma has high protein concentrations, solute levels are about the same

Question 33

what are 2 ways solute move across the membrane

Answer 33

1. diffusion

2. solvent drag

Question 34

what happens to ECF volume if we add Na

Answer 34

volume rises

Question 35

what happens to ICF if add isotonic fluid

Answer 35

no change - ECF will go up though

Question 36

physical exam signs of increased ECF

Answer 36

1. edema
2. JVP
3. rapid weight gain
4. maybe hypertension

Question 37

physical exam signs of low ECF

Answer 37

1. dry mouth/eyes
2. poor skin turgor
3. low blood volume signs