Diffusion Flashcards

1
Q

method of O2 and CO2 diffusion

A

passive diffusion

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2
Q

Normal pO2 on alveolus, pulm art, pulm vein

A

alv - 100
art - 40
vein - 90

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3
Q

Normal pCO2 on alveolus, pulm art, pulm vein

A

alv - 40
art - 47
vein - 40

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4
Q

3 important alveolar cells

A

type 1 and 2 pneumocytes, macrophages

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5
Q

method of air travel from mouth to alveolus

A

bulk flow

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6
Q

name of “holes” between alveoli

A

pores of kohn

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7
Q

5 ways to improve diffusion across membrane

A
  1. larger membrane surface area
  2. more pressure
  3. incr. membrane solubility
  4. thinner membrane
  5. smaller molecule (low MW)
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8
Q

Law that sums up movement across membrane

A

Ficks law

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9
Q

Which will diffuse faster O2 or CO2 and why

A

CO2, larger molecular weight, but 20 times as soluble

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10
Q

definition of diffuse limited

A

diffusion across membrane is rate limiting step

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11
Q

what makes something diffusions limited (3)

A
  1. not affected by perfusion
  2. carried by blood in sig. quantities
  3. cannot diffuse rapidly across alveoli
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12
Q

example of diffusion limited gas and use

A

CO - measure diff. capacity

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13
Q

what makes something perfusion limited

A
  1. very soluble
  2. rapid membrane transit
  3. not carried in great quantities in blood
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14
Q

exmaple and use of perfusion limited gas

A

NO2 to measure cardiac output

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15
Q

at rest, how are O2 and CO2 limited

A

perfusion limited

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16
Q

during excersise, how are CO2 and O2 limited

A

O2 - diffusion

CO2 perfusion - always very soluble

17
Q

how to measure diffusion

A

single breath of CO He and O2 mix

- measure amount of diffused CO

18
Q

2 steps to get gas from alv to body

A
  1. cross membrane

2. bind to Hgb

19
Q

3 blood realated probs with diffusion

A
  1. low volume
  2. low Hb
  3. embolism
20
Q

why is He in diffusion test

A

to measure the TLC

21
Q

how does He dilution test work

A

give He and use C1V1=C2V2

22
Q

what does it mean is He measured vol is much lower that pleth volume

23
Q

what will happen to DLCO in anemia

24
Q

what will happen to DLCO in polycythemia

25
what will happen to DLCO in embolism
down
26
what will happen to DLCO in hemmorage into alveoli
up
27
what will happen to DLCO in lowered suface area such as emphysema
down