Arm Flashcards by Seth Davis

2 joints of shoulder + 2 additional joints giving movement

scapulothoracic ( pseudojoint)
glenohumeral (true joint)
sternoclavicular
acromioclavicular

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6 movements of scap-throacic joint

elevate
depress
retract
protract
up rotation (glenoid)
down rotation

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of serratus ant.

Origin- ribs 1-9
Insert - vertbral scapula
Action - protract and up rotate scapula
Nerve - long thoracic

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of pec major

Origin- sternal and clavicular heads
Insert - intertubecular groove of humerus
Action - adduct, med rotate, flex arm
Nerve - med and lateral pectoral

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of pec minor

Origin- ribs 3-5
Insert - coracoid process
Action - protract and down rotate scapula
Nerve - med pectoral

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of trapezius

Origin- occipital bone and spinous process of C7-T12
Insert - spine of scapula, clavicle and acromion
Action - elevate or depress (depends on fibers) retract scapula
Nerve - CN11

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of latisimus dorsi

Origin- spinous process of T7-L5, illiac crest
Insert - intertubecular groove of humerus
Action - adducts, extends, med. rotates arm
Nerve - throaco-dorsal

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position of rhomboid major and minor

minor on top

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of rhomboids

Origin- spinous process of C7-T5
Insert - vertebral border of scapula
Action - elevate, retract, down rotate scapula
Nerve - dorsal scapular

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of levator scapula

Origin- trans process of C1-3
Insert - vert angle of scapula
Action - elevates scapula
Nerve - dorso-scapular

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2 movements of sternoclavicular joint

glides ant-post and sup-inf

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ligaments of sternoclavicular joint (3)

ant. and post. sternoclavicular

interclavicular

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movement of acromioclavicular joint

allows full shoulder elevation

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intrinsic and extrinisic ligaments of acromioclavicular joint

intrinsic - acromioclavicular

extrinsic - coracoclavicular

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movement of glenohumeral

all directions - circumduction

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feature deepening glenoid fossa

glenoid labrum

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intrinsic ligaments of glenohumeral joint

sup., med., inf. glenohumeral

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extrinsic ligaments of glenohumeral joint

coracoacromial, and coracoclavicular

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5 muscles of rotator cuff

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
teres major

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of supraspinatus

Origin- supraspinous fossa
Insert - greater tuberosity
Action - abduction, lateral rotation
Nerve - suprascapular

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of infraspinatus

Origin- infraspinous fossa
Insert - greater tuberosity
Action - lateral rotation
Nerve - suprascapular

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of teres minor

Origin- lateral border of scapula
Insert - greater tuberosity
Action - lateral rotation
Nerve - axillary

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of subscapularis

Origin- subscapular fossa
Insert - lesser tuberosity
Action - medial rotation
Nerve - upper and lower subscapular

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Origin, insertion, action, nerve of teres major

Origin- inf. scapula
Insert - intertuberosity groove
Action - extends, adducts, lateral rotates arm
Nerve - lower subscapular

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Anterior rami of brachial plexus

C5-T1

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of deltoid

Origin- clavicle, spine of scapula Insert - deltoid tuberosity Action - abduction, flexion and extension Nerve - axillary

Borders of axilla

medial: rib and serattus ant. lat: intertubecular sulcus ant: pec maj and min post: scapula and muscles

Terminal branches of BPlex (5)

1. median 2. radial 3. ulnar 4. axillary 5. musculocutaneous

3 BPlex cords

medial, lateral, post.

3 trunks of BPlex

sup., middle, inf

Motor innervation of musculocutaneous

ANT upper arm

Motor innervation of median nerve

Ant forearm (except FCU and 1/2 FDP), thumb, lat. half of lumbricals

Motor innervation of ulnar

!/2 FDP, hypothenar, thumb adductor, medial lumbricals

motor innervation of radial nerve

all post. muscles of upper and lower arm

motor innervation of axillary

teres min, deltoid

path of blood to arm

brachiocephalic>subclavian>axillary>brachial>radial or ulnar>palmar arches

3 parts of axillary

1 - subclavian to pec min 2 - under pec min 3 - pec min to teres maj

branches off axillary 1

superior thoracic

branches off axillary 2

thoracoacromial

branches off axillary 3

circumflex and supscapular

2 superficial veins and their sides

1. cephalic - lat | 2. basilic - med

type and movement of humero-ulnar joint

hinge joint - flex/extend

type and movement of radio-ulnar joint

pivot joint - allows supination

type and movement of humero-radial joint

no load- pivots around

carrying angle

angle b/w ulna and vert - more in women

3 ligaments of elbow and movement restricted

1. medial collateral - valgus 2. lateral collateral - varus 3. anular - keeps radius in place

3 muscles of anterior arm

biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of biceps

Origin- long head - superior glenoid, short - coracoid Insert - radial tuberosity Action - flexion and supination of elbow, flex shoulder Nerve - musculocutaneous

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of coracobrachialis

Origin- coracoid process Insert - humerous Action - shoulder flexion Nerve - musculocutaneous

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of brachialis

Origin- humerous Insert - ulna Action - flexion of elbow Nerve - musculocutaneous

muscles of post arm

triceps

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of triceps

Origin- inf. glenoid (long head) humerus (others) Insert - ulna Action - extension of elbow Nerve - radial

borders of cubital fossa

sup: line b/w condyles lat: pronator teres med: brachioradialis

Content of cubital fossa lat to med

TAN- biceps tendon, brachial art., medial N

contact points of radius and ulna (2)

sup - radial head with radial notch of ulna | inf - ulnar head with ulnar notch of radius

6 hand joints

1. distal interphlangeal 2. proximal interphalangeal 3. metacarpophalangeal 4. carpometacarpal 5. midcarpal 6. radiocarpal

8 carpal bones

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

joint type of carpometacarpals and movement permitted

planar - gliding movements

joint type of interphalageal and movement permitted

hinge - flex/extend

joint type of metacarpophalangeal and movement permitted

condyloid - flex/extend, abd/add

reference line for finger abductiond

3rd finger

2 muscle compartments of forearm

1. anterior - flexor/pronator | 2. post. - ext./supinator

4 muscles of layer 1 of ant. compartment

1. pronator teres 2. flexor carpi radialis 3. palmaris longus 4. flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of pronator teres

Origin- medial epicondyle Insert - radius Action - pronate Nerve - median

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of flexor carpi radialis

Origin- medial epicondyle Insert - 2nd metacarpal Action - flex and abd hand Nerve - median

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of palmaris longus

Origin- medial epicondyle Insert - palmar fascia Action - flex and add hand Nerve - median

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin- medial epicondyle Insert - pisiform and hamate Action - flex hand (weak) Nerve - ulnar

Muscle of layer 2 of ant. forearm

flexor digitorum superficialis

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of flexor digitorum superficialis

Origin- medial epicondyle Insert - 4 middle phalanges Action - flex PIP and MCP flex wrist (weak) Nerve - median

2 muscles of layer 3 of ant. forearm

1. flexor digitorum profundus | 2. flexor pollicus longus

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of flexor digitorum profundus

Origin- ulna Insert - distal 2-5 phalanges Action - flex DIP, flex wrist (weak) Nerve - 1/2 median, 1/2 ulnar

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of flexor pollicus longus

Origin- radius Insert - distal thumb Action - flex thumb, Nerve - median

muscle of layer 4 of ant. compartment

pronator quadratus

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of pronator quadratus

Origin- ulna Insert - radius Action - pronates Nerve - median

2 arteries of forarm

1. radial | 2. ulnar>common interosseous

4 compartments of hand and function

1. hypothenar - intrinsic muscles - controls little finger 2. thenar - intrinsic muscles for thumb 3. interossus - intrinsic muscles for fingers 4. central - long tendons of fingers

content of carpal tunnel

4 FDS tendons 4 FDP tendons 1 FPL tendon median nerve

thenar muscles (3)

1. flexor pollicis brevis 2. abductor pollicic brevis 3. opponens pollicis

hypothenar muscles (3)

1. flexor digiti minimi 2. abductor digiti minimi 3. opponens digiti minimi

2 ligaments of digital sheaths

1. annular - cover tendons | 2. cruciate - close joint spaces

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of lumbricals

Origin- FDP tendon Insert - proximal phalages of 4 fingers Action - flexes MCP and ext IPs Nerve - lateral-median, medial-ulnar

2 interossei muscles and #

1. palmar (3) | 2. dorsal (4)

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of palmar interossus

Origin- metacarpal Insert - phalanges Action - adduct (PAD) Nerve - ?

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of dorsal interossus

Origin- metacarpal Insert - phalanges Action - abduct (DAB) Nerve - ?

Muscles of post. compartment from lateral epicondyle of humerous (6)

1. brachioradialis 2. extensor digitorum 3. extensor digiti minimi 4. ext. carpi ulnaris 5. ext. carpi radialis longus 6. ext. carpi radialis brevis

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of brachioradialis

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - distal end of radius Action - elbow flex in mid-pronation Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of extensor digitorum

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - 4 fingers Action - finger and wrist extension Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of extensor digiti minimi

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - extensor expansion of minimi Action - finger extension Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of ext. carpi ulnaris

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - base of 5th metacarpal Action - wrist ext. and add. Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of ext. carpi radialis longus

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - base of 2nd metacarpal Action - wrist ext. and abd. Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of ext. carpi radialis brevis

Origin- lateral epicondyle of humerous Insert - base of 3rd metacarpal Action - wrist ext. and abd. Nerve - radial

5 outcropping muscles of post. arm

1. abductor pollicis longus 2. ext. pollicis longus 3. ext. pollicis brevis 4. supinator 5. extensor inidicis

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of abductor pollicis longus

Origin- ulna and radius Insert - base of 1st metacarpal Action - abd. thumb Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of ext. pollicis longus

Origin- ulna Insert - distal phalanx of thumb Action - thumb ext Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of ext. pollicis brevis

Origin- radius Insert - prox phalanx of thumb Action - thumb ext Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of supinator

Origin- ulna Insert - radius Action - supinates Nerve - radial

Origin, insertion, action, nerve of extensor inidicis

Origin- ulna Insert - 1st finger Action - 1st finger ext Nerve - radial

borders of snuff box

EPL, APL, EPB

significance of snuff box

floor is scaphoid