Protozoa Flashcards
4 classes of protozoa
- amoeba
- flaggelates
- ciliates
- apicomplexans
2 types of life cycles
Direct - 1 host
indirect - 2 hosts
2 hosts in indirect
definitive - species in which sexually maturing parasite reaches maturity
intermediate - spec, in which larval or non-sexual stages develop
6 ways protozoa harm their hosts
- mechanical
- resource competition
- cytotoxicity
- inflammation
- immune-mediated
- malignant transformation
3 host responses to protozoa
- cell mediated - effector cell activation and cytoxins
- macrophages - phaogcytose and ROS
- humoral - act on cell wall and ABs neutralize parasite via attachment blockade
what are cell and humoral mediated good against
cell - need to clear intracellular protozoa
humoral - enhances cytotoxic and phagocitic potential
6 ways to test for protozoa
- direct examination
- culture
- antigen detection - Rapid Diagnostic Test
- host antibody detection
- nucleic acid amplification
- radiologic - liver abscess
5 medical ways of treating
- antibiotics- a couple
- antifungals - azoles
- antiparasitics - all protozoa
- herbs/plant - quinine
- elements
surgical method
percutaneous drainage
what is leishmaniasis
in direct in human and sandfly
clinical sign of leish
skin ulcer
2 different presentations of leish
oglioparasitic - mucocutaneous - Cell mediated defence (Th1)
polyparasitic - diffuse skin and visceral (bad) - antibody mediated
4 ways to diagnose
- direct exam - biopsy
- culture
- AB detection - serology
- Nucleic acid - PCR
4 treatments of leish
- antibiotics
- antifungals - azoles
- antiparasitics - no
- herbs/plant - garlic
- elements - antimony
what is malaria
indirect protozoa in mosquito - then liver - then blood
