RBC disorders Flashcards
1
Q
3 different disorders of RBCs
A
- anemia - too few RBCs
- polycythemia/erytrocytosis - too many RBCs
- polychromagia - too many young RBCs
2
Q
amount of RBCs normally lost
A
1% per day
3
Q
lifespan of RBC
A
90-120 days
4
Q
definition of anemia
A
decrease in Hb resulting in ability to carry O2
5
Q
symptoms of anemia
A
- fatigue
- headache
- lightheaded
- tachycardia
- shortness of breath
- heart failure
- hypotension
6
Q
3 causes of anemia
A
- decreased production
- increased destruction
- dilution/sequestration
7
Q
5 requirements to make a mature RBC
A
- stem cells
- normal bone marrow niche
- EPO
- normal genetic machinery
- building blocks - iron, B12, folic acid
8
Q
name of early destruction of RBCs
A
hemolysis
9
Q
2 causes of hemolysis and what they are
A
- extravascular - destroyed by liver/spleen
2. intravascular - destroyed in vessels
10
Q
significance of 2 types of hemolysis
A
- extravascular - keep contents
2. intravascular - lose cell contents
11
Q
5 internal reasons for RBC destructions
A
- structure problems - wrong shape
- abnormal hemoglobin - usually genetic
- qualitative prob. - sickle cell disease
- quanititative prob. - probs making it - thalassemia
- RBC machinery probs. - enzyme probs.
12
Q
5 external factors for destruction
A
- drugs
- infections
- antibodies against
- vessel structure probs.
- vessel coagulation
13
Q
cause of RBC dilution
A
too mcuh fluids
14
Q
causes of RBC sequestration
A
splenomegaly - causes pancytopenia
15
Q
2 keys things needed in approach to anemia
A
- RBC size (MCV) mean cell volume
- Reticulocyte count - # of new RBCs
- stain in new RNA shows the rets.
