Osteoporosis Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 2 main features of bone strength
A
- bone density
2. bone quality
2
Q
4 factors involved in peak bone quantity4
A
- genetics (60%)
- bone modelling
- mech factors
- nutrition (Ph and Ca)
3
Q
4 things age related bone loss
A
- bone remodelling
- genetics(vit D receptor)
- diet/lifestyle
- disease and drugs
4
Q
what is esp. important in women
A
estorogen
5
Q
5 diseases
A
- hyperparathyroidism
- hyperthyroidism
- hypogoinadism (anorexia, ovarian failure or early menopause)
- malabsorbtion/malnutirion
- rheumatoid arthritis
6
Q
5 important drugs
A
- glucocorticoids
- anti-Est
- anti-andro
- SSRIs
- PPIs
7
Q
4 things bone quality depends on
A
- architecture (size and shape)
- bone turnover (remodeling rate)
- accumulated damge - microfractures
- quality of mineralization
8
Q
2 main types of fractures over 65
A
vert, hip wrist
9
Q
def. fragility fracture
A
- from minimal trauma (standing hieght)
- wrist, vert, hip, humerous, pelvis
NOT skull, metas, or ankle
10
Q
Hx risk factors (5)
A
- age >65
- gender
- lifestyle - tobac, alc, caf
- disease and drugs
- fam Hx - esp first female
11
Q
Important physical exams
A
- vision
- gait
- quad strenght
- balance
- height loss
- kyphosis
- percussion tenderness
- illiac to rib
12
Q
4 poss. lab studies
A
- CBC wth MCV
- creat/liver
- Ca, Ph, albumin
- vit D
13
Q
2 other tests
A
- spine x-rays
2. DXA (dual xray absobometry)
14
Q
what does DXA tell us (2)
A
- T score for pop
2. z score for ref. group
15
Q
what defines osteo with DXA
A
under 50 -
