Growth and physical dev. Flashcards
2 fastest periods of growth
intrauterine and infancy
6 influences on growth
- genes
- health
- nutrition
- hormones
- env.
- drugs
3 factor affecting intrauterine growth
- fetal
- placental
- maternal
3 measurements of growth
- ht, wt, HC
how to use charts for preemies
use the corrected age (how old they should have been)
2 different charts and their diffs
- CDC - reference to the normal of pop
2. WHO - reference to ideal
when is BMI used and how is it measured
> 2yo kg/m2
*what is avg. HC at birth and growth in first year
35cm and 12 cm
*what is avg. wt at birth and 5 months and a year
birth - 3.5 kg
5 mon - doubled
year - tripled
*height at birth
50cm
*what is growth velocity in cm/yr in childhood
6cm/YR
what percentile is important for ht (2)
- falling under 3%
2. crossing %iles after age 2
what is most important when loking at growth
velocity more important than absolute
*what is parental height facotr
90% should fall within 2 SD of parents height
- calc. for midparental height
male = father + (discrep + mother)/2 female = mother + (father-discrep)/2
markers and times of female puberty
7-13yo
- breast dev.
- growth spurt
- menarche - growth almost complete
what is common and patho in puberty timing in females
early - common
late - patho
markers and times of male puberty
9-14
- teste dev.
- later growth spurt
what is common and patho in puberty timing in males
early- patho
late - common
**4 questions that provide all answers about short stature
- was child IUGR
- is child disproportionate
- is velocity normal or delayed
- is bone age normal or delayed
what if IUGR was present
maternal - health, nutrition, infection, size, drugs
fetal - genes, multiple gest
placental - insuff. TTTS
what is proportion important
most cause that at disproportionate are bony in nature should be 1:1
bony causes
short trunk - spinal rad. , kyphoscoliosis
short limbs - achondro, rickets
why is velocity important
normal growth velocity assoc. with normal variants - while slow velocity is associated with patho
why is bone age important
more delayed the bone growth, the more likely something organic
5 causes of slow grorth velocity
- malnutrition
- chronic disease
- psychosocial dep.
- drugs
- endocrine disorders
what does normal bone age indicate
familial short stature
