Spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

where do spinal nerves originate and what do they become

A

emerge between vertebrae and bifurcate into doral and ventral rami

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2
Q

what are peripheral nerves

A

orginate from dorsal and ventral rami

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3
Q

how do peripheral nerves get mixed

A

in plexuses

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4
Q

how are bilaterally paired spinal nerves named

A

according to their vert - C1 begins above C1

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5
Q

where do spinal nerve axons come from

A

cell bodies in the spinal level

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6
Q

what is a dermatome

A

area of skin innervated by a spinal level

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7
Q

what is a myotome

A

muscles controlled by a given spinal level

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8
Q

what does pattern of peripheral nerve vs. dermatome tell us

A

where the lesion is located

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9
Q

4 special areas of spinal cord and what they help us localize

A

C3-5: phrenic - descending resp control
T1-L2: Sympathetic preganglionic Ns: control of temp and visceral functions
S2-4: Pelvic splanchnic nerves: PNS innervation of pelvic viscera
S2-4: pudendal nerve: somatic sense and motor to the perineum etc.

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10
Q

**key dermatomes to know

A
C2: back of head
C5: shoulder tip
C6: thumb
C7: middle finger
C8: small finger
T4: nipple
T10: umbilicus
L1: inguinal ligament
L5: great toe
S1: small toe and sole
S5: perianal
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11
Q

what is end of spinal cord and at what level

A

conus medullaris - L2

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12
Q

wha is mass of nerves at end of L2

A

cauda equina

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13
Q

what is final string at end of cord

A

filum terminale

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14
Q

what is lumbar cistern

A

expanded subarachnoid space bw L2 and S2

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15
Q

what is clincal relevance of cistern

A

where lumbar puncture is done

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16
Q

what are denticulate ligaments and what do they do

A

expensionsof pis mater that anchor cord laterally to dural sac

17
Q

what fills the epidural space

A

fat and blood vessels

18
Q

what are 4 spinal cord sulci

A
  1. ventral median fissure
  2. ventral lateral sulcus
  3. dorsal lateral sulcus
  4. dorsal median sulcus
19
Q

what are 3 columns of white matter

A

ventral, lateral, dorsal

20
Q

what are 2 horns of grey matter and what do they contain

A

ventral: sensory
dorsal: motor

21
Q

what are 2 areas of ventral hor enlargement

A

cervical (C5-T1) for arms

lumbosacral (L2-S3) for the legs

22
Q

what are intermediolateral cell columns

A

lateral horns that contain SNS Ns at T1-L2 and PNS Ns at s2-4

23
Q

how does white matter change at levels

A

decrease as go caudally

24
Q

where are cell bodies of sensory neurons

A

in dorsal root ganglions

25
what is function of ventral horn neurons
somatic motor (somatic)
26
what is function of IML neurons
visceral motor (autonomic)
27
what do spinal nerves carry
both sensory and motor neurons