complications of fractures Flashcards
1
Q
3 general ways to classify complications of fractures
A
- timing - early, inter, late
- bone or soft tissue
- local or systemic
2
Q
5 early complicastions
A
- compartement
- vasscular damage
- neuro injury
- malunion
- RDS
3
Q
what is compartment syndrome
A
- elevation of intracompartamental pressure above perfusion pressure
- muscle necrosis and severe contracture
4
Q
4 associations with compartment
A
- fractures
- crush injuries
- tight casts
- reperfusion injury
5
Q
3 Sx of compartment syndrome
A
- PAIN
- short itme
- if unconscious = no Sx
6
Q
5 signs of compartment Syndrom
A
- pain with passive stretch of muscle
- pressure is high
- paralysis
- parathesia
- pulseless
7
Q
treat of compartment syndrome
A
- immediate fasciotomy
- leave wound open
- early detection and prevention key
8
Q
what is vasc. damage
A
- surg emerg
- life and limb threateneing
- assoc with displaced fractures
- assess and record vasc. status
9
Q
what is neuro injury
A
- assess and record distal function
- specifc fractures
- ## assess pattern and severity
10
Q
treatment of neury damages
A
- expolre open injuries
- observe closed for a month
- explore closed in 3 months if not better
11
Q
what is malunion
A
- reduction not obtained
- poor follow up or compliance
12
Q
what is RSD
A
- associated with long bone fractures
- fat embolism syndrome
- early fixation preventative
13
Q
7 intermediate complications
A
1. delayed union 2 non-union 3 stiffness 4. infection 5. compressive neurpathy 6. tendon ruptures 7. reflex symp dystrohy
14
Q
causes of delayed unuion
A
- poor reduction
- inad. mobilization
- poor blood supply
- treatment adjustment usually reqiured
15
Q
causes of stiffness
A
- prolonged immobilization
- inadequate rehab
- treat
- physio, splint, surgical release
