Structure Flashcards

1
Q

define oxygenation

A

absorbtion of O2 into blood stream

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2
Q

define ventilation

A

excretion of CO2 into air

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3
Q

define perfusion

A

entire cardiac output getting through lungs (bloodflow)

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4
Q

7 functions of lung

A
  1. oxygenation
  2. ventilation
  3. perfusion
  4. sterility
  5. produce surfactant
  6. filter blood
  7. special cell and immunologic functions
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5
Q

what occurs in absence of O2

A

anaerobic metabolism

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6
Q

composition of air

A

N2 - 79%
O2 - 21%
CO2 verly low

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7
Q

compostion of alveolar air

A

N2 - 75%
O2 - 13%
CO2 - 5%
H2O - 6%

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8
Q

what is 1 ATM in mm/hg

A

760 - wieght of 1 cm of air

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9
Q

how does pressure change with alt?

A

lower at greater alt.

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10
Q

formula for partial pressure

A

concentration x total pressure

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11
Q

what does pp of H2O depend on and how does it change

A

temp and saturation - both increase

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12
Q

what does % H2O saturation represent?

A

amount of water vapor present for the max possible at that temp

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13
Q

what must all pps add up to

A

barometric pressure

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14
Q

what is PH2O at 37C

A

47mmHg

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15
Q

what is PH2O sig?

A

must be substracted from partial pressure calculations

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16
Q

what are 2 different ways of expressing gas measures

A
  1. Standard Temp and Press, Dry (STPD)

2. Body Temp and Press, Saturated (BTPS)

17
Q

2 main anatomic structures for lungs

A
  1. Chest wall

2. diaphragm

18
Q

what innervated diaphragm

19
Q

inspiration involves what movements of diaphragm

A

down and out

20
Q

in what direction do gases move

A

high to low pressure

21
Q

what is intrathoracic pressure on inspiration

22
Q

diff. between passive and active expiration

A

active- push out esp. w rectus abdo

23
Q

accesory muscles of inpiration

A

scalens, sternocleidomastoid, traps

24
Q

what does the pleura do (2)

A
  1. glides

2. transmit pressure

25
where does airway start
trachea
26
path trough airways
bronchi>broncioles>resp. bronchioles>alveoli
27
first point of gas ex
resp. bronch
28
function of pulm arteries
perfusion - bring deoxy blood to lungs
29
pressure in pulm art.
20/5
30
where do lung lymph start
resp. bronchi - none in alveoli
31
where does lymph from left lower go
to R side
32
what drains 3/4 of lung lymph
R supraclavicular node
33
what are the two categories of lung volumes
1. measurable - IC, VC, TV | 2. not measurable - TLC, RV, FRC
34
define tidal V
normal breath - 500ml
35
define vital cap
full inspiration to full expir
36
define inspiratory capacity
max can be inspired after normal expriation
37
define funct. residual volume
volume left after normal expiration