Reproductive dev Flashcards
Def. of genetic sex
based on the XY chromos
Aspects of phenotypic sex (3)
- gonads
- accessory glands
- genitals
Path of normal dev.
genotype>gonads>hormones>glands and genitals
Age at which anatomical diffs become apparent
7 weeks
location of gonads at first appearance
post abdo wall medial to mesonephros
2 tissues making up gonads
- core of mesoderm
2. epithelium covering
what stimulates further dev of gonads?
primordial germ cells at the genital ridge
Path of ovary dev (3 steps)
- No Y > sex cord fragments
- Germ cells become oogonia
- Sex cord cells become follicular cells
What becomes of sex cords in male and female
- Male - seminiferous tubes
2. Female - Follicular cells
Steps of test dev.
- Y present > sex cords become seminiferous tubes
- Sex cords for sertoli cells> antimuellerian factor
- Mesoderm cells become leydig cells > testosterone
- primordial germ cells become spermatogonia
Importance of SRY
Actual part of Y that defines dev.
2 phases of test. descent
- trans-abdo phase - passive - gubernaculum stays while rest grows
- Trans-inguinal - active, but not known how
peritoneum that pulls down with testies
processus vaginalis
2 abnormalities of test descent
- cryptocord testis - not fully into scrotum
2. ectopic testis - through ring, but not in scrotum
Abnormality of processus vag.
hydrocele
other names of paramesonepthric ducts and mesonephric ducts
para - mullerian
meso - wolfian
what mullerian ducts fuse to form
uterovaginal primordium
what contact between uterovaginal primordium and urogential sinus create
vaginal plate
function of anti-mullerian hormone in male
degenerates uretrovaginal promordium (become utricle and appendix of testes)
What androgens induce (3)
- mesoneprhic excretory tubes become efferent ductules
- mesonephric duct becomes epidyd, vas def, ejaculatory duct
- seminal vesicles dev out of mesonephric ducts
what happens if no Y (3)
- parameso nephric duct - uterine tubes
- uterovag primordium - uterus
- mesonephric ducts degenerate
what tissues form vagina
- uterovaginal primordium
2. endoderm from urogenital sinus
Age until which genitals can’t be distiguished
week 9
3 indifferent genital swellings
- genital tubercle
- urogenital fold
- labioscrotal fold
What becomes of genital swellings in females
- genital tubercle - clit
- urogenital fold - labia min
- labioscrotal fold - labia maj
What becomes of genital swellings in males
- genital tubercle - glans penis
- urogenital fold - folds to urethra
- labioscrotal fold - scrotum
problems with urogential folding
hypospadias
path of test.
test>5 alpha reductase>DHT
source of gonadal tissue (3)
- mesothelium
- mesenchyme
- primordial germ cells
source of primordial germ cells
endodermal cells in yolk sac
source of semniferous cords
gonadal cords
cells that separate seminiferous cords
leydig cells
producer of anti-mullerian
sertoli cells
fate of the mesonephric duct in males
duct of epidydimis
proper names of mullerian and wolfian ducts
mullerian: paramesonephric
wolfian: mesonephric ducts
fate of mesonephric duct on males and females
males: epidyd and vas
females: disappears
fate of parameso ducts
male: disappear
female: uretovaginal primordium
tissue source of seminal gland
mesonephro duct
tissue source of epoopheron
mesonephric
tissue source of gubernaculum
mesonephros
time of testes descent
28th week
location of test. descent relative to processus
posterior
location of DAX-1
X chromosome
point where T is converted to DHT
urogenital sinus
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of 5 alpha reductase deficiency
Karyotype - XY Gonads - male Male ducts - present Female ducts - absent Genitals - feminized
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of virilizing hyperplasia
Karyotype - XX Gonads - female Male ducts - no, missed sensitive period Female ducts - present Genitals - masc.
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of congenital dysgenisis
Karyotype - XY Gonads - none Male ducts - absent Female ducts - present Genitals - immature female
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of androgen resistance
Karyotype - XY Gonads - male Male ducts - no Female ducts - no Genitals - feminized
path in congenital hyperplasia
hypothalmus>cortisol reducing factor>pit>ACTH>adrenal>cortisol and biproduct of androgens
result of leftover mesonephric duct in women
ovary- epoopharon
urterus - gartner’s cyst
