Reproductive dev Flashcards

1
Q

Def. of genetic sex

A

based on the XY chromos

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2
Q

Aspects of phenotypic sex (3)

A
  1. gonads
  2. accessory glands
  3. genitals
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3
Q

Path of normal dev.

A

genotype>gonads>hormones>glands and genitals

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4
Q

Age at which anatomical diffs become apparent

A

7 weeks

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5
Q

location of gonads at first appearance

A

post abdo wall medial to mesonephros

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6
Q

2 tissues making up gonads

A
  1. core of mesoderm

2. epithelium covering

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7
Q

what stimulates further dev of gonads?

A

primordial germ cells at the genital ridge

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8
Q

Path of ovary dev (3 steps)

A
  1. No Y > sex cord fragments
  2. Germ cells become oogonia
  3. Sex cord cells become follicular cells
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9
Q

What becomes of sex cords in male and female

A
  1. Male - seminiferous tubes

2. Female - Follicular cells

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10
Q

Steps of test dev.

A
  1. Y present > sex cords become seminiferous tubes
  2. Sex cords for sertoli cells> antimuellerian factor
  3. Mesoderm cells become leydig cells > testosterone
  4. primordial germ cells become spermatogonia
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11
Q

Importance of SRY

A

Actual part of Y that defines dev.

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12
Q

2 phases of test. descent

A
  1. trans-abdo phase - passive - gubernaculum stays while rest grows
  2. Trans-inguinal - active, but not known how
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13
Q

peritoneum that pulls down with testies

A

processus vaginalis

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14
Q

2 abnormalities of test descent

A
  1. cryptocord testis - not fully into scrotum

2. ectopic testis - through ring, but not in scrotum

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15
Q

Abnormality of processus vag.

A

hydrocele

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16
Q

other names of paramesonepthric ducts and mesonephric ducts

A

para - mullerian

meso - wolfian

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17
Q

what mullerian ducts fuse to form

A

uterovaginal primordium

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18
Q

what contact between uterovaginal primordium and urogential sinus create

A

vaginal plate

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19
Q

function of anti-mullerian hormone in male

A

degenerates uretrovaginal promordium (become utricle and appendix of testes)

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20
Q

What androgens induce (3)

A
  1. mesoneprhic excretory tubes become efferent ductules
  2. mesonephric duct becomes epidyd, vas def, ejaculatory duct
  3. seminal vesicles dev out of mesonephric ducts
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21
Q

what happens if no Y (3)

A
  1. parameso nephric duct - uterine tubes
  2. uterovag primordium - uterus
  3. mesonephric ducts degenerate
22
Q

what tissues form vagina

A
  1. uterovaginal primordium

2. endoderm from urogenital sinus

23
Q

Age until which genitals can’t be distiguished

24
Q

3 indifferent genital swellings

A
  1. genital tubercle
  2. urogenital fold
  3. labioscrotal fold
25
What becomes of genital swellings in females
1. genital tubercle - clit 2. urogenital fold - labia min 3. labioscrotal fold - labia maj
26
What becomes of genital swellings in males
1. genital tubercle - glans penis 2. urogenital fold - folds to urethra 3. labioscrotal fold - scrotum
27
problems with urogential folding
hypospadias
28
path of test.
test>5 alpha reductase>DHT
29
source of gonadal tissue (3)
1. mesothelium 2. mesenchyme 3. primordial germ cells
30
source of primordial germ cells
endodermal cells in yolk sac
31
source of semniferous cords
gonadal cords
32
cells that separate seminiferous cords
leydig cells
33
producer of anti-mullerian
sertoli cells
34
fate of the mesonephric duct in males
duct of epidydimis
35
proper names of mullerian and wolfian ducts
mullerian: paramesonephric wolfian: mesonephric ducts
36
fate of mesonephric duct on males and females
males: epidyd and vas females: disappears
37
fate of parameso ducts
male: disappear female: uretovaginal primordium
38
tissue source of seminal gland
mesonephro duct
39
tissue source of epoopheron
mesonephric
40
tissue source of gubernaculum
mesonephros
41
time of testes descent
28th week
42
location of test. descent relative to processus
posterior
43
location of DAX-1
X chromosome
44
point where T is converted to DHT
urogenital sinus
45
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of 5 alpha reductase deficiency
``` Karyotype - XY Gonads - male Male ducts - present Female ducts - absent Genitals - feminized ```
46
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of virilizing hyperplasia
``` Karyotype - XX Gonads - female Male ducts - no, missed sensitive period Female ducts - present Genitals - masc. ```
47
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of congenital dysgenisis
``` Karyotype - XY Gonads - none Male ducts - absent Female ducts - present Genitals - immature female ```
48
Karyotype, gonads, male and female ducts, genitals of androgen resistance
``` Karyotype - XY Gonads - male Male ducts - no Female ducts - no Genitals - feminized ```
49
path in congenital hyperplasia
hypothalmus>cortisol reducing factor>pit>ACTH>adrenal>cortisol and biproduct of androgens
50
result of leftover mesonephric duct in women
ovary- epoopharon | urterus - gartner's cyst