burns Flashcards
1
Q
epi of burns
A
- high morbidity
- survival now at 94%
- M and M highest at extremes of age
2
Q
2 most common causes
A
flame - superheated air
scalp - superheated liquids
3
Q
classification of burns
A
1st - local to epidermis 2nd - thru epi into dermis - superficial - epi and dermis - deep - into deep dermis 3rd - into subcutaneous fat 4th - into muscle and bone
4
Q
what are 3 zones and where effects can be made
A
coagulation - burn
stasis - can help
hyperemia - can help
5
Q
which are painful
A
1, 2 and 3rd to pin prick
6
Q
what is rule of 9s
A
abdo - 9% chest and stomach legs - 18% each arms 9% each head - 9% perineum - 1%
7
Q
how to class severity of burns in terms of BSA
A
mild - 20
also severe if 5% full thickness burns, or to eyes, ears, genitals
8
Q
who to send to burn center
A
- all severe
- electrical and chemical
- inhalation
- complicationg factors
9
Q
3 reasons inhalation burns are an issue
A
- edema of upper airway - can occur rapidly
- edema of lower airway - pulmonary infiltrates
- CO toxicity a concern
10
Q
4 phases of treatment
A
- initial eval and rescus
- initial would mgmt
- def. wound closure
- rehab
11
Q
what is mgmt
A
ABCDE
- may need def. airway do to edema
- after AB are met, volume resus is important
12
Q
when to suspect airway burns
A
- facial burns
- carbon sputum
- nasal hairs
- tachypneic
13
Q
when to intubate
A
early
- 40% BSA
- resp. distress
- usual other crit.
14
Q
what may interfere with B (5)
A
- airway obst.
- thoracic trauma
- eschars
- CO poisoning
- abdo ACS
15
Q
what is special about C in burns
A
- will tend to be hypotensive
- volume loss
- can also get myocardial dep for first few days
- can get ACS with lots of fluid
