ENT emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
2 main blood supplies to the nose
A
- ICA
2. ECA
2
Q
where is most common site of nose bleeds
A
little’s area
- at location of kisselbach’s plexus
- large anastamosis
3
Q
7 general local causes of epistaxis and most common
A
- trauma - most common
- barometric changes
- dryness
- septal perf
- chem
- tumors
- inflammation
4
Q
3 general systemic causes of epist
A
- coagulopathies
- granulomatous disorders
- vascular
5
Q
8 things to assess in initial epist
A
- airway patnecy
- vitals
- maintain P on nose
- assess blood loss and side of bleeding
- PmHx
- IV access if indicated
- bloodwork
- CBC
- INR/PTT
6
Q
3 keys to exam
A
- good light
- suction
- anasthesia/vasoconstriction
7
Q
increasing steps of mgmt of epistax
A
- silver nitrate - chem cautery
- gelfoam or surgicel - absorbable
- inflatable nasal cath - tamponade
- merocel sponge - absorbes
- vaseline gauze
8
Q
if none work, then what
A
- patient coagulopathy?
- HT?
- pack inadequate
- bleed posterior?
9
Q
what to do for posterior bleed
A
posterior pack - trace a foley cath back in
10
Q
what if posterior pack dont work (2)
A
- embolization - can only do ECA
2. surgical ligatio
11
Q
where does infection accumulate in necks
A
in the spaces
- between fascia
12
Q
most common Sx of neck space infection (2)
A
- sore throat
2. odynophagia
13
Q
Sx that tell you there is something more nefarious happeneing
A
- fever
- decreased PO
- otalgia
- neckpain
- toricollis
- swelling
14
Q
6 most common causes
A
- odontogenic
- tonisllitis/pharyngytis
- sialodentis
- IV drugs
- trauma
- iatrogenic
15
Q
main imaging for neck
A
CT
