Dementia Flashcards
def dementia
syndrome of progressive deter. of cog. function sufficient to impact on daily life and occupational function
clinical aspects to assess for dimentia (9)
- attention problems
- memory problems
- language problems
- visuospatial probs (getting lost)
- exec. problems (planning)
- praxis problems (doing things in order)
- personality and behav. probs.
- mood
- probs. with daily function
what should be taken on hX (3)
- past medical
- meds
- assoc. Sx
what is major risk factor
CV risk factors
what does cog. testing do
confirms the nature of deficits
what vitals are important
- hypertension
2. orthostatic HT (lewy body dementia)
9 things not to miss
- treatable causes of dementia
- infections
- neoplastic
- toxic - esp alc/benzos
- obs. sleep apnea
- psych - esp depression
- vascular
- autoimmune encephalopathies
- epilepsy
3 stages of mem. loss
- normal
- mild cog. impariment (prodrome)
- dementia
def of alzhemiers (3)
- memory impairment
- one of aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, exec. function
- loss of social or occ. funciton FROM BEFORE
time from early to death
9 years
stages of alz and MMSE scores
- cog. Sx 25-30
- loss of funct. indep 20-25
- behav. problems 10-20
- nursing home placement 0-10
strongest risk for dementia
age
protective factors
- cog, reserve
- excercise
- healthy diet
- leisure
risk factors
- genes
- CVD
- HT
- Diabetes
- cholesterol
- obeisity
- smoking
2 features on path of dementia
- plaques of amyloid
2. tangles of Tau
what is amyloid that is formed
amyloid Beta sheets
what is consequence of neurodegenrative changes
less cholinergic transmission
imaging finding of AD
- biparietal reduction
2. medial temp lobe thickness
what is CSF biomarker
presence of amyloid
what is path of cholinergic defecit
loss of chol neurons>decrease in avail Ach>impariments
treatment
anticholinesterase (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine)
