Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Undeleted > Phase 2 drug metabolism > Flashcards

Phase 2 drug metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

what is phase 2 biotranformation

A

synthesis rxn. in which the endogenous substance combines with functional group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

*** 6 types of phase 2 biotransformation conjugations

A
  1. glucuronide
  2. sulfate
  3. glutathione
  4. acetyl group
  5. methyl group
  6. amino acids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do all phase 2 enzymes require

A

co-substrates (co-factors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

substrate for glucuronidation

A

UDP-GA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

substrate for sulfination

A

PAPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

substrate for acetylation

A

caetyl CoA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

substrate for methylation

A

SAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is sequence of phase 1 and 2 rxns

A

2 often follows 1, but not always - some don’t require 1 or either

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is glucouronidation

A

addition of glucouronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is code of glucouronidation

A

UGT___

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is glucounonic acid attached

A

indirect pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are gilberts and crigler-najjars?

A

gilberts - only 20% of UGT works - jaundice

CN - 0% works

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is sulfation

A

reaction of phenols to produce highy ionic and polar sufuric acid esters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

code for sulfation

A

SULT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is glucatione conjugation

A

adds glucatione

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

code for glucatione

A

GST

17
Q

what is important substrate for GST

A

NAPQI

18
Q

what is acetylation

A

masks an amine with a non-ionizable group, so less water soluble

19
Q

what is acetylation code

A

NAT

20
Q

what is metylation

A

addition of a methyl group to

21
Q

what is AA conjucation (2)

A
  1. conjucation ocarboxylic acid

2. conj of aromatic groups

22
Q

6 factos that affect biotranformaiton

A
  1. species
  2. genetics
  3. age
  4. sex and hormones
  5. disease states
  6. diet, environmnt
23
Q

what role do genetics play in metabolism

A

leads to functionally slow or fast metabolizers

24
Q

what is effect of age

A
  1. neonates often have immature enzymes - hyperbilirubinemia

2. old people have lower liver mass and blood flow

25
Q

how does sex effect

A

not generall clincally relevant, but hormones can play a role - alc less metabolized by women

26
Q

how does disease effect (3)

A
  1. liver disease
  2. CVD - less perfusion of liver
  3. thyroid issues can change metabolism
27
Q

what does St. johns wort do?

A

induces enzyme (CYP3A4) that breaks down cyclosporine, which is an immunosuppresant

Undeleted (589 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions