Peds ENT Flashcards
Sx of acute tonsilitis
- sore throat
- fever
- dysphagia
- enlarged with exudate
- bad breath
- tonsoliths and abscesses
etio. of tonilitis
bact and viral
3 Tx of tonsillits
- hydration
- analgesic
- ABs
4 complications
- deep neck infections
- sepsis
- glomeluronephritis
- rheumatic fever
presentation of obst. sleep apnea
- heroic snoring
- restless sleeping
- enureis
- sleepyness
4 absolute indications for tonsilectomy
- OSA, cor pulmonale
- suspect malig.
- hemmoragic
- severe dysphagia
4 relative indications
- hypertrophy
- recurrent
- complications
- tonsiliths and halitosis
what is adenoid hypertrophy
increase in size with repeated infection and allergy
clincal features of adenoids
- obst
- rhinitis, sinusitis
- PND and cough
- recurrent OM
indications to remove adenoids
- OSA
- chronic nasopharyngitis
- OME
- recurrent AOM
- malig
- chronic sinustits
2 main causes of otitis media
- infection
- eustacian tube dysfunction
- makes fluid that can get infected easily
Sx of OM
- pain
- otorrhea if perfed
- fever
- hearing loss
- tugging
3 most common bact in OM
- s. pneumonia
- H .influenza
- M. catarrhalia
**7 predisposing factors for OM
- day care
- smoke exposure
- craniofacial abnormal - DS
- immunodef.
- bottle feeding
- family Hx
- aborig
2 main locations of OM complications
- intratemporal
2. intracranial
what is wathcful waiting approach
observe for 48-72 hrs with antipyretics and no ABs
4 groups to use watchful waiting with
- child > 6 months
- no risks
- illness not severe no fever
- reliable parents
main AB for OM
amox - high dose
signs of OM with effusion
- fluid without signs of Sx or infection
- conductive HL
- flat tympanogram
what is MGMT of OM with with effusion
AB NOT EFFECTIVE
- can put in tubes
7 indications for tubes
- recurrent AOM (>4 episodes in 6 mos)
- complications
- lack of respnse to medical therapy
- persistent effusions
- bilateral OME
- bilateral Cond HL
- chronic retraction of TM
4 signs of airway obst.
- noisy breating
- diff. breathing
- stops breathing
- blue spells
what is laryngomalacia
redundant mucosa cuasing supraglottic collapse
- inspiratory stridor
Tx of laryngomalacia
- obs
2. supraglottoplasty
*** presentation of subglottic hemangioma
- biphasic stridor
- starts after 1 month of age
- progressive increase
4 Tx for hemangioma
- laser resection
- steroids
- tracheotomy
- propranalol
what is subglottic stenosis and Sx
extraskin
- stridor and croup
Tx of stenosis
soft tissue -laser
hard tissue - laryngeopkasty
what is acute epiglottitis
acute inflammation of epiglotis
main cause
H influenzae
- hardly see now because of vaccine
Tx of epiglottitis
- intubate i n OR
- cultures
- IV cef
