Retinal vascular exam Flashcards
1
Q
epi of diabetic eye disease
A
leading cause of blindness in those 20-74
- esp. in those with diabetes
2
Q
3 most common Sx
A
- none
- blurred vision
- floaters
3
Q
1 main risk factor and 5 others
A
- poop glycemic control ( A1C >7)
- hypertension
- dyslipidemia
- alc
- smoking
6 preg
4
Q
3 stages of of diabetic retinopathy
A
- non-proliferative DR - damage vessels in back of eye
- proliferative DR -begin to grow new ones on surface and iris
- macular edema - leaking of vessels and become edematous
5
Q
6 signs of nPDR
A
- dot-blot hemmorages
- microaneurysms
- hard exuldates
- cotton wool spots
- intra-retinal microvascular
- venous bleeds
6
Q
test to look at NPDR
A
IV flouroscein
- looks for cap. droput and non-perfusion
7
Q
4 Sx of PDR
A
- abnormal new blood vessels
- vitreaous hemmorage - vessels are fragile and bleed - floaters and vision loss
- tractional vision loss
- neovasculariation of iris leading to glaucoma
8
Q
most common cause of vision loss in nPRD
A
macular edema
9
Q
what is treatment of nPDR without edema
A
observation
10
Q
what is treatment of nPDR with edema (2)
A
- laser treatment
2. injections
11
Q
2 things injected
A
- anti-VEGF
2. steroids
12
Q
2 treatments of PDR
A
- pan-retinal photocoag. - lower blood needs outside of macula
- vitrectomy
13
Q
3 systemic mgmt options
A
- sugars
- monitor blood lipid
- renal/cardio function
14
Q
3 complications of PDR
A
- vitrous hemm
‘2. tractional retinal detachment - neovascual glaucoma
15
Q
3 ways HTN may be related to vision loss
A
- choroid, retina, optic nerve
- cranial nerve palsies
- CVA
