Motor system:neurologist perspective Flashcards
what is DDx for acute, subacute, and chronic focal deficits
acute: infarct, hemmorage
subacute: inflammatory- abscess, myelitits
chronic: neoplasm
what is DDx for acute, subacute, and chronic diffuse deficits
acute: toxic, metabolic
subacute: inflammatory- meningitis, encephalitits
chronic: degenerative
what are synonyms for CST
upper motor neuron, pyramidal tract
where would a lesion occur that gives total hemiparesis
subcortical motor tract
signs of cortical lesions
aphasia, partial seizures, cog changes, neglect, apraxia, anosognosia
Sx of post. fossa lesion
diploplia, bilateral motor signs, crossed motor senses, vertigo
Sx of cord lesion
radicular pain, neck or back ache, incontinence, cranial nerves spared
3 types of cord lesions
- extra dural - compress cord
- intradural, extramedullary
- intradural, intramedullary
5 cord syndromes to know
- cord tranasection
- brown sequard - lateral hemisection
- central cord lesion
- ant. spinal artery syndrome
- subacute combined
Sx of peripheral lesion
- nerualgic pain
- dermatomal signs
- LMN confined to muscle innervated
what is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
progressive degeneration of ant horn cells and corticospinal neurons
Sx of spinal root lesion
radiuclar pain, derm sensory loss, atrophy
what is mononeuropathy
single nerve damage
3 examples of mononeuropathy
- carpal tunnel
- meraligia paresthetica
- femoral nerve - post heparin
what is guillain barre syndrome
acute inflammatory demylenating neuropathy
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in weakness
myo - proximal
neuro - distal
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in bulk
myo - decrease late
neuro - decrease
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in reflexes
myo - normal
neuro - loss
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in sense
myo - fine
neuro - loss
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in NCS
myo - fine
neuro - slowing
diff between myopathy and neuropathy in biopsy
myo - diffuse loss of fibers
neuro - group atrophy
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in invol. movement
pyramidal - absent
extra - present
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in tone
pyramidal - spastic
extra - rigid
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in weakness
pyramidal - present
extra - absent
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in reflexes
pyramidal - incr
extra - normal
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in babinski
pyramidal - present
extra - not
Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in coordintion
pyramidal - proportional to weakness
extra - bradykinesia
