Motor system:neurologist perspective

Question 1

what is DDx for acute, subacute, and chronic focal deficits

Answer 1

acute: infarct, hemmorage
subacute: inflammatory- abscess, myelitits
chronic: neoplasm

Question 2

what is DDx for acute, subacute, and chronic diffuse deficits

Answer 2

acute: toxic, metabolic
subacute: inflammatory- meningitis, encephalitits
chronic: degenerative

Question 3

what are synonyms for CST

Answer 3

upper motor neuron, pyramidal tract

Question 4

where would a lesion occur that gives total hemiparesis

Answer 4

subcortical motor tract

Question 5

signs of cortical lesions

Answer 5

aphasia, partial seizures, cog changes, neglect, apraxia, anosognosia

Question 6

Sx of post. fossa lesion

Answer 6

diploplia, bilateral motor signs, crossed motor senses, vertigo

Question 7

Sx of cord lesion

Answer 7

radicular pain, neck or back ache, incontinence, cranial nerves spared

Question 8

3 types of cord lesions

Answer 8

1. extra dural - compress cord
2. intradural, extramedullary
3. intradural, intramedullary

Question 9

5 cord syndromes to know

Answer 9

1. cord tranasection
2. brown sequard - lateral hemisection
3. central cord lesion
4. ant. spinal artery syndrome
5. subacute combined

Question 10

Sx of peripheral lesion

Answer 10

1. nerualgic pain
2. dermatomal signs
3. LMN confined to muscle innervated

Question 11

what is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 11

progressive degeneration of ant horn cells and corticospinal neurons

Question 12

Sx of spinal root lesion

Answer 12

radiuclar pain, derm sensory loss, atrophy

Question 13

what is mononeuropathy

Answer 13

single nerve damage

Question 14

3 examples of mononeuropathy

Answer 14

1. carpal tunnel
2. meraligia paresthetica
3. femoral nerve - post heparin

Question 15

what is guillain barre syndrome

Answer 15

acute inflammatory demylenating neuropathy

Question 16

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in weakness

Answer 16

myo - proximal

neuro - distal

Question 17

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in bulk

Answer 17

myo - decrease late

neuro - decrease

Question 18

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in reflexes

Answer 18

myo - normal

neuro - loss

Question 19

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in sense

Answer 19

myo - fine

neuro - loss

Question 20

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in NCS

Answer 20

myo - fine

neuro - slowing

Question 21

diff between myopathy and neuropathy in biopsy

Answer 21

myo - diffuse loss of fibers

neuro - group atrophy

Question 22

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in invol. movement

Answer 22

pyramidal - absent

extra - present

Question 23

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in tone

Answer 23

pyramidal - spastic

extra - rigid

Question 24

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in weakness

Answer 24

pyramidal - present

extra - absent

Question 25

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in reflexes

Answer 25

pyramidal - incr

extra - normal

Question 26

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in babinski

Answer 26

pyramidal - present

extra - not

Question 27

Sx of pyramidal and extrapyramidal in coordintion

Answer 27

pyramidal - proportional to weakness

extra - bradykinesia