Upper resp infections Flashcards
how many colds do people get/year
adults - 2-5
kids 6-8
what causes colds
viruses - 200 types- corona, rhino etc
presentaion of cold
intial - sore throat malaise
1-2 days - nasl congestion/discharge
duration - peak 3-4 days, resolve 7-10 days
Tx for colds
NOT antibiotics
- topic decongestant for 3 days max
- topical Atrovent - over 6 yo
codeine syrups not reccomended
what is acute sinusitis
inflammation of paranasal sinuses
clinical course of sinusitis
initial - URI followed by persistence >7 days or worsening after 5
followed by - purulent or bloody discharge AND pain
other Sx - headaches, cough, pain worse on bending
duration
microbiol of sinusitis
mostly viral
some bact. - strep pneumoniae, Haem. influenzae
key to diagnosis of acute bact. sinusitis
PODS = 2 of P - pain facial pain O - nasal obstruction D - purulent Discharge S - hyponosomia - less SMell
when to use ABs in rhinosinitis
persistence >7 days or worsening after 5
what is effect of ABs in sinusitis
with AB 77% improve, 60% without - most improve without!!
main AB for sinusitis
amoxicillan
adjuvent Tx of sinusitis
- analgesia
- decongestnats
- nasal irrigation
- steam inhalation
- nasal steroids NOT helpful
when to refer sinusitis to specialist
- anatomic abnormalities
- complications
- 4+ per year
- not repsonding to meds
microbio of pharyngitis
viral 50-80%
group A strep in 5-36%
what is epi of strep pharyngitis
late fall to early spring
- 5 -12 year olds most common
- contact transmission
