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Undeleted > Common problems in infancy > Flashcards

Common problems in infancy Flashcards

1
Q

5 aspects of transactional model of development

A
  1. attachment
  2. separation
  3. autonomy
  4. mastery
  5. problems
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2
Q

4 important parts of attachement

A
  1. bonding
  2. internal security
  3. stranger anxiety
  4. exploration
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3
Q

3 important parts of separation

A
  1. feeling secure
  2. taking risk
  3. parent aknowledges risk
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4
Q

4 behaviors related to autonomy

A
  1. thumbsucking
  2. behahavior indep.
  3. rocking/head banging
  4. transitional objects
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5
Q

4 examples of mastery

A
  1. competence in env.
  2. feediing
  3. exploring
  4. dressing
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6
Q

5 times dev. can be problematic

A
  1. thumbsucking
  2. sleep dist.
  3. exploring
  4. temper tantrums
  5. toilet traingin
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7
Q

def. of infant colic (3)

A
  1. 3hrs/day
  2. 3 days/wk
  3. 3 weeks in a row
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8
Q

Ddx for colic

A
  1. cows milk
  2. otitis media
  3. GI prob
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9
Q

treatment for colic

A
  • support mom

- swaddle

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10
Q

def. of gastroespophaeal reflux GER

A

regurg. in an otherwise healthy infant

- sphyncter

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11
Q

def. GER disease (GERD)

A

reflux that causes symptoms

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12
Q

3 complications of GERD

A
  1. esophagitis
  2. failure to thrive
  3. resp. problems
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13
Q

4 treatments of GERD

A
  1. hypoallergenic formula
  2. prop
  3. thicken formula
  4. drugs
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14
Q

use of acid supression in GERD?

A

no evidence

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15
Q

3 causes of sleep problems

A
  1. acute illness
  2. drugs - stims
  3. pain - otitis, bowel
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16
Q

4 steps to treat sleep

A
  1. extinction
  2. set the stage for sleep
  3. transitional objects
  4. ferber - reassurance and allow to sleep alone
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17
Q

triad of Sx in Croup (laryngeo-tracheo-bronch)

A
  1. stridor
  2. barky cough
  3. hoarse voice
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18
Q

etiology of croup

A

viral and small pliant trachea

19
Q

6 treatments of croup

A
  1. fluids
  2. humidity
  3. cold air
  4. steroids
  5. emergency for stridor at rest
  6. inhalation of racemic epin
20
Q

what causes most pneumonia

A

viral

21
Q

pneumonia bact. at birth to 1 month

A

strep B, coliforms

22
Q

pneumonia bact. 1 month to 1 year

A

H. influ
Staph
Chlam

23
Q

pneumonia bact. 1 year to 5

A

pneumococcus

mycoplasma

24
Q

treatment of pneumococc.

A

ampicillin

25
Q

treatment mycoplasma

A

erythromycin or macrolides

26
Q

2 benefits to fever

A
  1. tells us there is a prob.

2. helps immune response

27
Q

2 probs. with fever

A
  1. increaes metabolic demands

2. look and feel unwell

28
Q

4 causes of fever

A
  1. infection
  2. inflammatory (endogenous)
    - kawasaki disease
    - IBS
  3. malignancy
  4. miscellaneous
    - immune
    - dehydration
    - drugs
29
Q

what is cold stats in infant

A

3-8 per year
rhinovirus
contact spread

30
Q

what is treatment of cold (4)

A
  1. NONE
  2. suportive (NaCl drops, steam)
  3. pharma - advil and tylenol
  4. NOT oral decon. or antihistamines
31
Q

***what is CPS reccomendation on cold

A

don’t use drugs under 6

32
Q

stats on otitis media

A

most common cause for visit and script

33
Q

2 probs with otitits

A
  1. pain

2. hearing loss- can lead to problems

34
Q

3 signs of middle ear infectiopn

A
  1. fluid - immobile tympanic membrane or fluid outside
  2. inflammation - bulgin tympanic membrane
  3. pain
35
Q

major cause of otitis

A

bacteria

36
Q

do most otitis need ABs

A

no

37
Q

2 groups that likely need ABs

A
  1. under 6months

2. bilateral

38
Q

CPS guidlines to observe with no AB

A
  1. over 6 months
  2. no immune def.
  3. illness not severe, and fever
39
Q

*** treatment of otitis media

A
  1. Amox 75-90 in 2 doses of resisitant

2. amox 45-50 in 2 doses in low resistance

40
Q

2 options in fails

A
  1. amox-clav

2. ceftriaxone

41
Q

what are the effects of putting tubes in the ears

A

no improvement in dev. outcomes

42
Q

3 factors that influence medication compliance

A
  1. freqency - less is better
  2. taste
    3 cost
43
Q

what is best way if need to prescribe ABs

A

give as a safety net for parents to use if they need

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