Somatosensation beyond the DC/ML Flashcards

1
Q

what are 5 primary somatosense modalities

A
  1. nociception
  2. temp
  3. vibration
  4. light touch
  5. proprioception
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2
Q

what are 4 cortical sensory modalities

A
  1. graphesthesia
  2. stereognosis
  3. 2 point discrim
  4. double simultaneous stims
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3
Q

what are 3 main classes of receptors and what they respond to

A
  1. exteroceptors - light, sounds, tissue damage, temp, touch, pressure
  2. proprioceptors - monitor muscle, tendons and joints
  3. enteroceptors - monitor visceral stim
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4
Q

what do chemoreceptor sense

A

taste and smells

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5
Q

what do mechanoreceptors snese

A

deformation in cell membrane

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6
Q

what do nociceptors sense

A

tissue damage in reposnse to mech, thermal, chem damage

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7
Q

what is the receptor threshold

A

stim intensity needed for AP 50% of the time

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8
Q

what are low and high threshold receptors senses for

A

low - tactile

high - nociception

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9
Q

what are rapidly adapting receptors

A

only fire during changes in stim - good for high freq vibration and movement of objects across skin

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10
Q

what are slow adapting receptors

A

report continuously on the stim - good for pressure, shape

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11
Q

what are nerve fiber classes from largest diameter to smallest

A
Aa, 
Ab
Ag
Ad
B
C
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12
Q

which are not mylenated

A

C

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13
Q

what are sensations and location of Aa

A

limb position, motion - extrafusal muscle cell

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14
Q

what are sensations and location of Ab

A

skin - conscious proprio, touch, pressure, vibraiton

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15
Q

what are sensations and location of Ag

A

intrafusal muscle fibers

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16
Q

what are sensations and location of Ad

A

fast pain, cold, hair follicles

17
Q

what are sensations and location of B

A

preganlionic autonomic: white rami

18
Q

what are sensations and location of C

A

slow pain, warmth: autonomic post-ganglionic

19
Q

how is stim intensity coded

A

frequency of AP

20
Q

how is locaiton coded

A

receptor field

21
Q

how is modality coded

A

based on the type of axon firing

22
Q

how is total quality coded

A

by the population of axons firing

23
Q

what is adv. to 3 neuron system

A

can relay to places other than the cortex as well

24
Q

what are 3 other areas of projection and for what

A
  1. to neuron in dorsal horn to supress pain pathway
  2. to medullary and pontine reticular formations for alter response and modifying reflexes
  3. to sup. colliculus to drive orienting reflexes
25
what are 3 integrations that happen at first synapse
1. cortical descending inhibition refines attention 2. lateral inhibition sharpens localization (review) 3. modalities remain segregated
26
what are Funct. of 4 areas of primary somatosensory area
1. responds to input from cut. mechanoreceptors 2. responds to input from propriot 3 and 4 - integrate these modalities to diff. shape, size and texture
27
what is secondary somatosensory area
receives from S1 and thalmus for tactile memory
28
what is sensory association area
integration of vision and somatosense