posterior segment and the retina Flashcards
1
Q
3 main layers in the retina from out to in
A
retina>RPE>choroid
2
Q
3 parts of retina and function
A
- macula - cones, fine and color vision
- fovea - thinned center of macual - fine vision
- peripheral - rods
3
Q
def. age realted macular degen.
A
- aquired degen disease of all 3 layers
- leads to deposition of drusen and loss of ovrlying receptors
- central vision loss
4
Q
why is AMD important
A
leading cause of visual loss in >65
5
Q
2 types of AMD
A
- wet
2. dry
6
Q
what is Sx and prev of AMD
A
90%
Sx - mild central vision loss
7
Q
4 signs of AMD
A
- drusen
2 pigment abnormalities
3 geography atrohy - serous pigment abnormalities
8
Q
what is wet AMD
A
10%
- abnormal blood vessel growth from choroid to subRPE
- leads to hemmorage, fluid, fibrosis
- can cause dense central scotoma
9
Q
how to confirm wet AMD (2)
A
- IV flouro
- optical CT
10
Q
2 stages of preventions for dry AMD
A
1ry - sunglasses, quit smoking, diet?
2ry - vitamins
11
Q
AMD risk factors
A
- age
- fam Hx
- smoking
- whites
- female
- diet
12
Q
what is only use of vitamins
A
dry AMD for stages 3-4
13
Q
4 Sx of wet AMD
A
1 . central and paracental blunting
- metamorphosia
- loss of visual acuity
- alterations in color perception
14
Q
how to monitor dry AMD for progression
A
amsler grid - tells you it;s getting better or wet
15
Q
main therapies for wet AMD
A
anti-VEGF
