Depression Flashcards
1 cause of disability in CAn
depression
DSM crit of depression
5 of:
- depressed mood
- loss of interest
- weight loss or gain
- insomnia or hypoersomnia
- psychomotor agitation or retardation
- fatigue
- worthlessness or guilt
- concentrations
- thoughts of death/suicide
4 DSM caveats
- not mixed disorder
- cause distress
- not due to substance
- not due to bereavment over 2 months
2 most heritable disorders and 1 least
2 most - ASD and SCHZ
1 least - depress
what is HPA and depression regulation
poor cortisol supression in people with depressiokns
what is gene environment interaction in depression
certain genes mix with stressful life events to cause depression
what is āSā allele
short allele causing less 5HT transcription and related to more depression with stressors
what is brain effect of chronic social defeat
downregulation of BDNF through DNA methylation
what happens when give antidpressants
reverses effects of DNA methylation through histone acetylation
what is overall effect of social isolation
leave a lasting molecular scar that can be circumvented but not directly reversed by antidepressent meds
3 ways depression and BDNF are related
- severe stress reduces hippocampal BDNF
- excessive cortisol could affect BDNF transcription
- antidepressants increase BDNF expression and dendrites
what is effect of excercise
increase in # of neurons in hippocampus
what is ECT effect
almost double effect of antidepressants and antihypertnesives
3 ways hippocampus is important in reg. of mood
- deficiencies in hippo impair ability to make positive new contexts
- reductions in hippo leave fear feelings context free
- restoring hippocamp can help restore and recontextulaize the fear memories
