Lung growth and defense

Question 1

what rotates gut in development

Answer 1

cilia

Question 2

where does gas ex happen at birth

Answer 2

alveolar ducts

Question 3

age at which all alveoli are grown in # and size

Answer 3

8 and 15

Question 4

what causes infant resp distress syndrome

Answer 4

surfactant defiency

Question 5

what causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Answer 5

intubation/ventilation

Question 6

are the lungs really sterile?

Answer 6

no, there is lots of unculturable bacteria

Question 7

2 types of aquired lung defences

Answer 7

1. humoral def.

2. pulmonary microbionme

Question 8

4 functions of the nose

Answer 8

1. warm/humidifies
2. remove large particles
3. anitoxidant
4. absorbs soluble pollutnats

Question 9

2 ways infections happen

Answer 9

1. inspiration

2. aspiration

Question 10

what normally prevents aspiration

Answer 10

epiglottis and vocal cords closing

Question 11

3 causes of normal mechs. of aspiration prevention to fail

Answer 11

1. depressed CNS
2. muscle weakness
3. esop disorders

Question 12

what causes aspiration

Answer 12

infections caught in muscus and pulled into the lung

Question 13

what sizes of particles get stuk where

Answer 13

> 8u get filtered out

2-4u are perfect to land in alveoli

Question 14

size of bacteria and cig. particles

Answer 14

4u

Question 15

what initiates a cough

Answer 15

particles touch upper airway and vagus sends signal

Question 16

how is velocity increased in cough

Answer 16

high expiratory flow through a smaller trachea area

Question 17

3 ways to fuck the cough reflex

Answer 17

1. narcotics
2. decrease (abdo) muscle strength
3. airway obstruction

Question 18

what are 2 layers of mucus and where produced?

Answer 18

1. sol (bottom) - by goblets

2. gel (top) - mucus glands

Question 19

what happens in CF

Answer 19

Na/Cl transport deficiency leads to think mucus

Question 20

where do alveolar macrophages come from

Answer 20

blood monocytes

Question 21

what happens in AIDS

Answer 21

lack of immunity leads to recurrent lung infections

Question 22

what does one potentially lose in C-sections

Answer 22

aquired microbiome from mother