diabetes and nutrition Flashcards
which type require insulin
Type 1: +++
Type 2: minority
which type are ketosis prone and always require carbs
Type 1: +++
Type 2: ?
which type are hypoglycemia prone - need meal spacing
Type 1: +++
Type 2: a bit
which type are overweight and need reduction
Type 1: no
Type 2: ++++
which type have hyperlipidemia
Type 1: can be
Type 2: apple - low HDL and high TG
initial/predominant vascular disease
Type 1: micro macro
Type 2: macro micro
what are the diffs in diet for treatment
type 2 need calorie reduction
what needs to be done with fat
reduce, esp sat fats
what type of fats to give
monounsats and not fish fats
what are 2 types of fat distribution
android- abdo
gynoid -hips
what is caloric and weight loss aim
1200 cal and 1-2 lbs/week
what is problematic waist for men and women
men 102, women 88
what is problematic waist to hip ration
men 1, women 0.8
5 warning signs for CHD
- high glucose
- high TG
- low HDL
- large waist
- high BP
what much weight needs to be lost to reduce risk
5%
3 types of fats in diabetes treatment and what they do
- veggie omega3 - lower VLDL – good
- fish omega 3 - increase hepatic glucose - bad
- monounsats - increase HDL - good
how are glucose and FFAs related to hypoglycemia
- insulin inhibits FFA release from adipocytes
2. FFAs would normally be used by muscle instead of glucose
what do slow release carbs do?
decrease postmeal levels of insuling AND counterregulatory hormones
treatment for 3 levels of diabetes
- mild - diet
- failure, but not ketones - pills and weight loss
- ketosis prone - must always take insulin and therefore always need sugars
