nutritional pathology 2 Flashcards
1
Q
where are most vitamins from
A
exogenous sources
2
Q
what are minerals needed in large amounts
A
NA, K, CA, P
3
Q
trace minerals
A
Fe, Cu, Fl, I, Co
4
Q
where vit D from
A
fish liver, some plants, 80% from sun
5
Q
3 ways 1,25 vit D is regulated
A
- PTH activates
- hypophosphatemia activates
- elevated level downregulate
6
Q
vit D function (4)
A
- stim intestinal absorbtion of CA and P
- acts with PTH to mobilize Ca from bones
- stims PTH dep. Ca absorbtion in renal tubules
- normal mineralization of bone
7
Q
vit D def. in kids
A
rickets - inadequate ossification of epiphyseal cartelage
8
Q
where is rickets seen
A
esp. in long bone and spine
9
Q
vit D def. in adults
A
osteomalacia - excess of unmineralized bone
- normal bone contour, but weak
10
Q
what is thiamine (B1) source
A
widely in diet, but not polished
11
Q
function of B1 (2)
A
- syn of ATP
2. maintain neural membranes and normal nerve conduction
12
Q
3 causes of B1 def
A
- alcoholism
- diet
- excess vomiting and dia
13
Q
what is important about B1 and glucose
A
sublinical levels can become worse on glucose therapy
14
Q
3 manifestations of thiamine and name
A
- peripheal nerve (dry beriberi) - neuropathy
- heart (wet beri beri)
- CNS - wernike-korsakoff syndrome
15
Q
def. dry beriberi
A
- symmetric polyneuropathy in legs and then arms
