Peds optho Flashcards
1
Q
what is normal red reflex and how to check
A
- all newborns at each check up
- in a dark room
- cornea and iris
- pupil is round
- red glow seen shining in a dark room
2
Q
def. leukocoria
A
- white pupil
3
Q
what does leukocoria mean
A
- cornea, anterior chamebr, iris normal
- abnormality is behind the pupil
4
Q
3 possible causes of leukocoria
A
- lens - cataract
- vitreous cavity - persistent fetal vasculature
- retina - tumor, colomboma, detachment
5
Q
what to do in cataracts
A
urgent referral
6
Q
2 gen cats. of cataracts
A
- isolated - idiopathic, inheritid, trauma
2. systemic - infection, inflammation, iatrogenic
7
Q
3 things to follow up on in bilateral cataracts
A
- examine parents and sibs
- look for Lowe’s syndrome
- ask about past and present meds
8
Q
2 things to do after cataract removal
A
lost focusing funciton of lens
- replace focusing funciton with glasses or contacts
- correct/prevent ambylopia - patch good eye
9
Q
def. retinoblastoma
A
- rare malig tumor of the retina in infants
- auto dominatn
- look for fam Hx
10
Q
5 treatments of retinoblastoma
A
- enucleation if large
- local laser
- systemic chemo
- peribulbar chemo injections’
- avoid radiotherapy if possible
11
Q
def. coloboma
A
- failure of closure of the optic cleft
- retina is atrophic
- defect in the choriod
- light reflected by sclera means white instead of red reflex
12
Q
what systemic abnormailities might colomboma be part of
A
CHARGE syndrome - Coloboma Heart defect Atresia Retarded growth GU problems Ear defects
13
Q
3 causes of retinal detachment in kids
A
- trauma
- retinal dystrophies
- retinopathy of prematurity
14
Q
what is peds glaucoma
A
- high IOP leads to abnormal growth of affected eye
15
Q
where to suspect peds glaucoma
A
- big beuatiful eyes that are photophobic
- looks for size assymetry
