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Undeleted > ECGs > Flashcards

ECGs Flashcards

1
Q

what does height and width indicate

A

height: voltage
width: time

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2
Q

what is height and width of 1 small box

A

H: 0.1mV
W: 40ms

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3
Q

what is height and width of large box

A

H 0.5mV

W: 200ms

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4
Q

what does pulse at beginning mean

A

1mV

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5
Q

how long is a full strip

A

10s

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6
Q

2 ways to figure out HR

A
  1. count all and x6

2. 300/# of squares between beats

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7
Q

what does pos vs neg wave mean

A

direction of wave

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8
Q

what is key to measure of whether pos or neg

A

area under the curve

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9
Q

which leads measure coronal vs. transvers

A

coronal: limb leads
transverse: precordial

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10
Q

where are leads 1,2,3

A

1 - left arm 0deg
2 - left leg +60
3 - right arm +120

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11
Q

where are aVL, aVF, aVR

A

aVL: -30
aVF: +90
aVR: -150

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12
Q

which 2 pairs are perpendicular

A
  1. 1 and aVF

2. 2 and aVL

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13
Q

where do precordial leads go

A

V1 and V2: either side of sternum
V4: midclavicular
V6: mid axillary

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14
Q

what do V1 and V2 measure

A

septum

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15
Q

what do V3 and V4 measure

A

L vent

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16
Q

what measures lateral wall

A

1, aVL, V5, V6

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17
Q

what measures inferior wall

A

2, 3, aVF

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18
Q

where is normal vent. polarization from

A

1 and 2

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19
Q

where is normal QRS axis

A

-30 to +90

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20
Q

where is left axis deviation (LAD)

A

-90- -30

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21
Q

where is RAD

A

+180 - +90

22
Q

what do P R T wave represent

A

P - atrium
R - ventricles
T - reporlarization

23
Q

what is normal P wave amplitude and duration

A

amp: <0.25mv (2.5 small boxes)
dur: 40-120 (1-3 small boxes)

24
Q

what is PR interval and what does it represent

A

start of P to start of R

- time through atria and AV node

25
Q

normal PR interval

A

120-200 (3-5 small squares)

26
Q

what is PR segment

A

end of P to beginning of R

- AV node delay

27
Q

what is normal amplitude of PR segment

A

flat

28
Q

what is QRS interval and what does it represent

A

beginning of Q to end of S

- his, purkinje, ventricles

29
Q

what is normal QRS interval

A

<120ms (3 small squares)

30
Q

what is ST segment

A

end of S to beginning of T

- completion of ventricular polarization

31
Q

what is J point

A

junction of QRS and ST

32
Q

what is normal T wave amp

A

1/3 to 1/2 of corresponding wave

33
Q

what is QT interval

A

beginning of Q to end of T

34
Q

what is normal QT interval

A

1/2 of RR - 300-440 ms

35
Q

7 things that must be inspected in ECG

A
  1. Rate
  2. Rhythm and PR interval
  3. Axis
  4. The QRS
  5. ST segment
  6. QT interval and QTc
  7. T wave abnormalities
36
Q

RATE: what is normal rate

A

60-100brm

37
Q

RHYTHM: 3 things to assess in rhythm

A
  1. are P and R connected
  2. reg or irreg
  3. P before each QRS
38
Q

where is normal sinus rhythm pos in leads

A

pos towards feet and L

39
Q

AXIS: what 2 leads to check for normal axis

A

1 and aVF should both be pos

40
Q

THE QRS: 2 things to check in QRS

A
  1. width

2. voltage

41
Q

what is too wide QRS and what does it mean

A

> 120ms - bundle block

42
Q

what is QRS interval for R and L bundle block

A

R: 110-130
L: 120-140

43
Q

what will we see in RBBB

A

big pos. jump on V1 and V2 because of RV hypertrophy

44
Q

what will we see in LBBB

A

big neg S wave in V1 and V2

45
Q

what does big or small QRS tell us

A

too big - hypertrphy

too small - dead tissue or far from lead

46
Q

what will we see in RV hypertrophy (3)

A
  1. R wave in V1 > 7mV
  2. R axis deviation > 110
  3. R<S in V5,V6
47
Q

what will see in limb leads of LV hypertrophy (2)

A
  1. R wave in aVL > 11mm

2. R wave lead 1 + S wave lead 3 > 25mm

48
Q

what will see in precordial leads in LV hypertrophy (2)

A
  1. R wave V5 or V6 > 26,,

2. R wave V5 or V6 + S wave V1 > 35mm

49
Q

ST SEGMENT: what to look for

A

elevated or depressed

50
Q

QT INTERVAL: what to look for

A

length of interval (8-11 normal)

51
Q

T WAVE: what to look for (2)

A
  1. size

2. inversion

52
Q

what do probes with T wave indiacate

A

pre death

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