Intro to mycology Flashcards
outer features of fungi
- rigid cell wall
2. cytoplasmic membrane
2 mut. requirements for fungi
- aerobic
2. exogenous nutrient source
3 classes of fungi
- yeasts
- moulds
- dimorphic
features of yeast
- single cell sometimes with capsule
- divided by mitosis with daughter cell
features of moulds
- made up hyphae - septate or aseptate
2 types of hyphae and purpose
- aerial - reproduction
2. vegetative - provide nutrients
what is important about aseptate hyphae
must not grind up for samples
when are two dimorphic forms seen
- yeast form - in vivo or at 37 in vitro
2. mould form - at 22-25deg
important endemic dimporphic fungi
blastomyces
2 main portals of entry of fungi
- breach of barriers - lines, burns, cuts
2. inhalation of conidia
2 main immune mechanisms to fight fungi
- non-specific inflammatory rxns - neutophil phago andkilling
- cell mediated - T-cell CMI
4 classes of fungal infections
- mucocutaneous
- superficial
- subcutaneous
- systemic
pathogen in mucocutaneous
c. albicans
2 common mucocutaneous
- thrush
2. diaper dermatitis
what are superficial infections
tinea, ringworm - dermatophytosis
where does superficial infect
keratinized tissue, because it eats keratin
what causes Sx in superficial
inflammation and allergic rxn
3 general epidemiologic groups of superfical
- geophilic
- zoophilic
- anthopopohilic
2 classes of subcutaneous mycoses
- chromoblastomycoses and mycetomas
2. sporothrix schenkii
what does chromoblastomycoses cause
soil moulds that cause chronic noduclar lesions
what does mycetomas cause
black moulds - causes sinus tract and dicharge of visible grains
what happens in blastomyces infection
inhale condidia from environment
- colonization in nose and sinuses
what is lab hazard in blastomyces
need to be careful to not inhale
organisms of systemic fungal infections
opportunistic mycoses - anything that can grow at 37 in an immunocompromised person
