Intro to mycology

Question 1

outer features of fungi

Answer 1

1. rigid cell wall

2. cytoplasmic membrane

Question 2

2 mut. requirements for fungi

Answer 2

1. aerobic

2. exogenous nutrient source

Question 3

3 classes of fungi

Answer 3

1. yeasts
2. moulds
3. dimorphic

Question 4

features of yeast

Answer 4

• single cell sometimes with capsule

- divided by mitosis with daughter cell

Question 5

features of moulds

Answer 5

1. made up hyphae - septate or aseptate

Question 6

2 types of hyphae and purpose

Answer 6

1. aerial - reproduction

2. vegetative - provide nutrients

Question 7

what is important about aseptate hyphae

Answer 7

must not grind up for samples

Question 8

when are two dimorphic forms seen

Answer 8

1. yeast form - in vivo or at 37 in vitro

2. mould form - at 22-25deg

Question 9

important endemic dimporphic fungi

Answer 9

blastomyces

Question 10

2 main portals of entry of fungi

Answer 10

1. breach of barriers - lines, burns, cuts

2. inhalation of conidia

Question 11

2 main immune mechanisms to fight fungi

Answer 11

1. non-specific inflammatory rxns - neutophil phago andkilling
2. cell mediated - T-cell CMI

Question 12

4 classes of fungal infections

Answer 12

1. mucocutaneous
2. superficial
3. subcutaneous
4. systemic

Question 13

pathogen in mucocutaneous

Answer 13

c. albicans

Question 14

2 common mucocutaneous

Answer 14

1. thrush

2. diaper dermatitis

Question 15

what are superficial infections

Answer 15

tinea, ringworm - dermatophytosis

Question 16

where does superficial infect

Answer 16

keratinized tissue, because it eats keratin

Question 17

what causes Sx in superficial

Answer 17

inflammation and allergic rxn

Question 18

3 general epidemiologic groups of superfical

Answer 18

1. geophilic
2. zoophilic
3. anthopopohilic

Question 19

2 classes of subcutaneous mycoses

Answer 19

1. chromoblastomycoses and mycetomas

2. sporothrix schenkii

Question 20

what does chromoblastomycoses cause

Answer 20

soil moulds that cause chronic noduclar lesions

Question 21

what does mycetomas cause

Answer 21

black moulds - causes sinus tract and dicharge of visible grains

Question 22

what happens in blastomyces infection

Answer 22

inhale condidia from environment

- colonization in nose and sinuses

Question 23

what is lab hazard in blastomyces

Answer 23

need to be careful to not inhale

Question 24

organisms of systemic fungal infections

Answer 24

opportunistic mycoses - anything that can grow at 37 in an immunocompromised person

Question 25

3 common opportinisitic mycoses

Answer 25

1. candida albicans
2. cryptococcus neoformans
3. asperilligus

Question 26

keys to specimen collection

Answer 26

1. notify lab if dimoprphic suspectes
2. ensure rapid delivery so not overgrown
3. clean with alcohol and scrape outer edge away tp get to the good stuff

Question 27

general principles of mgmt of fungus

Answer 27

1. correct contributing factors - clean feet
2. muco and cutaneous often respond to topical
3. give systemic for systemic infections