Health equity

Question 1

WHO def of health

Answer 1

A state of complete mental and physical well-being and not simpy the lack of disease

Question 2

Examples of health determinants

Answer 2

1. income
2. social support
3. education and literacy
4. employment and working
5. social env
6. physical env.
7. personal health practice
8. coping skills
9. healthy child
10. biol and genetic endowment
11. gender
12. culture

Question 3

Most important determinant of health

Answer 3

social and econ env.

Question 4

5 levels of DOCH from broad to indiv.

Answer 4

1. general socio econ.
2. living and working
3. social and comm networks
4. indiv. lifestyle factors
5. age, sex and heredity

Question 5

1 factor

Answer 5

poverty

Question 6

average income for highest and lowest 20%

Answer 6

20,000 and 160,000

Question 7

2 measures of income and their type of measure

Answer 7

1. after tax income - absolute

2. Low income cutoff - relative (20% of income spent on food and clothes)

Question 8

% below LICO in Canada and Toronto

Answer 8

Canada - 11%

Toronto - 24%

Question 9

def health equity

Answer 9

The absence of a potentially remidiable difference in health between population groups

Question 10

def. health inequality

Answer 10

differences in health status between indiciduals or groups in society

Question 11

def. health inequity

Answer 11

health differences that are not only remediable, but also considered unfair and unjust

Question 12

what is pop. health

Answer 12

focus on improving the health of a population as a whole

Question 13

where is action directed in pop health

Answer 13

pop or subset of pop - not indiv

Question 14

what is required to make health equity

Answer 14

reduce socio-econ disparity

Question 15

barriers to health equity (7)

Answer 15

1. Payment models
2. Attitudes that lead to stigmatized environments and prevent public action
3. Absence of information about the programs and services available for patients
4. Lack of integration between health and community based services
5. Lack of knowledge and skills to undertake this type of work
6. Lack of evidence and research on effective interventions for physicians
7. Personal attitudes that include powerlessness in the face of patients’ social and
   economic barriers

Question 16

Facilitators to health equity (5)

Answer 16

1. Clinical training about how to do this work
2. Interdisciplinary team-based practice settings
3. A relationship with community service programs
4. Clinically relevant resources about the programs and services available for patients
5. Supportive compensation models