Peds neoplasia Flashcards
1
Q
most common CA in children
A
- hematopoetic
2. primary brain
2
Q
def. blastoma
A
malignant cells with primitive (embryonic features)
3
Q
what do blastomas look like
A
small blue cells
4
Q
3 genetic mechs in pediatric neoplasm
A
- activations of oncogene
- loss of tumor supressor gene
- creation of novel fusion protein
5
Q
what is ewing sarcoma CA
A
bone - small round blue cell
6
Q
what are neuroblastic tumors
A
early childhood
- 70% have mets at diagnosis
- often adrenal medulla
7
Q
what are names of malignant and benight neuroblastic tumors
A
mal - neuroblastoma
benigh - ganglioneuroma
8
Q
what defines a ganglioneuroma
A
well differentiated
9
Q
3 features of differentiation in neuroblastoma
A
- neuropil
- ganglion cell differentiation
- schwannian stroma (stroma rich or poor)
10
Q
what is common genetic issue in neuroblastoma (2)
A
- MYCN amplification
2. deletion of 1p
11
Q
** 5 major prognostic factors for neuroblastoma
A
- age at diagnosis (under 18mo better)
- clinical stage
- histoloy (differentiation)
- tumor DNA (aneuplois better than diploid)
- MYC amplification (bad)
12
Q
what is most common ped. kidney tumor
A
wilms
13
Q
what is wilms
A
- from metanephric blastema
- mimics dev. kidney
14
Q
what is triphasic pattern of wilms
A
- epithelial
- stromal
- blastemal
15
Q
precursor to neuroblastoma
A
nephrogenic rest
