cerebral palsy

Question 1

2 types of typical motor dev

Answer 1

1. gross

2. fine

Question 2

3 predictable patterns of motor development

Answer 2

1. proximal to caudal
2. cephalocaudal
3. invol. reflexes to goal oriented behavior

Question 3

2 general factors inpacting dev

Answer 3

1. intrinsic - temp. health, genes

2. extrinsic - familiy, culture, exposures

Question 4

what are 3 primitive reflexes

Answer 4

1. moro - grab of dropped
2. ATNR - fencer pose
3. grasp

Question 5

when should prim reflexes be gone by

Answer 5

3-8 months

Question 6

what are 2 postural reflexes and when

Answer 6

1. lateral propping - 6-9 mon

2. parachute - 8-9 mon

Question 7

3 keys GM timelines

Answer 7

4 months - roll front to back
12 month - indep. steps
18 month - run and throw ball

Question 8

4 key FM timelines

Answer 8

3 months - bat at objects and hold in midline
5 months - palmar grasp
12 months - pincer grasp
18 month - 3 block tower

Question 9

3 key delayed milestone redflags

Answer 9

1. no head control by 4 months
2. not sitting by 9 mon
3. not walking by 18 mon

Question 10

2 early dev red flags

Answer 10

1. early hand dom

2. rolling under 3 mon

Question 11

4 other red flags

Answer 11

1. persistence of prim reflexes
2. hyper/hypo tonia
3. delayed post. reactions
4. persistence of hand fisting

Question 12

5 features of CP

Answer 12

1. disorder of movement or posture
2. secondary to brain abnormality
3. arises early in dev
4. static - not degenerative
5. causes activity limitiation

Question 13

what is CP diagnosis based on

Answer 13

clinical assessment

Question 14

3 major timeframes for CP risk

Answer 14

1. prenatal
2. perinatal
3. postnatal

Question 15

prenatal risk factors (6)

Answer 15

1. maternal disorders
2. multiple gestation
3. intruterine infection
4. congenital fetal abnormalities
5. placental abnormalities
6. too much/little gest growth

Question 16

Perinatal risk factors (4)

Answer 16

1. premature birth - up to 100 times
2. iscemic stroke
3. acute intrapartum hypoxic event
4. neonatal encepholopathy

Question 17

5 postnatal risk factors

Answer 17

1. infection
2. injuries
3. stroke
4. hyperbilirubinemia
5. metabolic abnormalities

Question 18

what is spasticity

Answer 18

velocity resistant hypertonicity

Question 19

3 overall types of CP

Answer 19

1. spastic
2. dyskinetic
3. ataxic

Question 20

3 types of spastic

Answer 20

1. diplegic
2. quadrapelegic
3. hemipelegic

Question 21

2 types of dyskinetic

Answer 21

1. hypokinetic

2. hyperkinetic

Question 22

2 most common causes of hemiplegia

Answer 22

1. MCA infarct

2. periventricular venous infarct

Question 23

what is main risk factor for hemiplegia

Answer 23

perinatal ischemic stroke

Question 24

what is MCA infarct clinical picture (4)

Answer 24

1. hemiplegia
2. motor arm>leg
3. cog problems due to grey matter
4. sizure and hemianopsia

Question 25

what is neuropath of spastic quardriplegia

Answer 25

hits watershed area between MCA and ACA

Question 26

what is clinical picture of spastic quardriplegia

Answer 26

1. involvement of all four limbs - 2. cog disability 3. seizures, aspirations, failure to thrive, 4. small head circumference

Question 27

what is neuropath of spastic diplegia

Answer 27

periventricular leukomalacia - along white matter of ventricles

Question 28

what runs in this region

Answer 28

water shed in early brain - contains leg fibers

Question 29

what is clincial picture of spastic diplegia

Answer 29

1. ambulatory, but with toe walking 2. normal cognitive 3. general good health