SULFONAMIDES, TRIMETHOPRIM, AND FLUOROQUINOLONES

Question 1

ANTIFOLATE DRUGS
CLASSIFICATION AND PHARMACOKINETICS

Weakly acidic compounds
Common chemical nucleus resembling p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)
Modest tissue absorption
Hepatic metabolism

Answer 1

SULFONAMIDES

Question 2

SULFONAMIDES
Classified as
Short-acting
Intermediate-acting (sulfamethosaxole)
Long-acting (sulfadoxine)

Answer 2

(sulfisozaxole)

Question 3

SULFONAMIDES
Classified as
Intermediate-acting

Answer 3

(sulfamethosaxole)

Question 4

SULFONAMIDES
Classified as
Long-acting

Answer 4

(sulfadoxine)

Question 5

High concentration in prostatic and vaginal fluids
Large fractions excreted unchanged in urine
Half-life

Answer 5

TRIMETHOPRIM

Question 6

Bacteriostatic inhibitors of folic acid synthesis
Antimetabolites of PABA
Competitive inhibitors of dihydropteroate synthase

Answer 6

SULFONAMIDES

Question 7

Selective inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase
Prevents the formation of active tetrahydro
form of folic acid

Answer 7

TRIMETHOPRIM

Question 8

Combination results to sequential blockade of folate synthesis
Bactericidal against susceptible organisms

Answer 8

TRIMETHOPRIM and SULFAMETHOSAXOLE

Question 9

CLINICAL USES

SULFONAMIDES

Answer 9

Gram (+)
Gram (-) organisms
Chlamydia
Nocardia