Bacte Lec - Staph Flashcards
gram reaction of staph
positive
color of staph in gram stain
positive
gram + spherical cells which normally colonize the skin
micrococcus
morphology of micrococcus
cubes of 8
coagulase reaction of micrococcus
negative
coccus bacteria in marine environment
rarely assoc with human infection
planococcus
test to diff strep and staph
catalase test
catalase rxn of stapg
+
all staph are [aerobe or anaerobe]
facultative anaerobe
only obligate anaerobe staph
S. saprophyticus
hemolytic rxn of staph
beta or non-hemolytic
reaction of staph in catalase [describe]
bubble formation
catalase test not used on blood agar bec
blood has coagulase
rxn of staph on SIM
confined; not turbid
common isolate on wound infection
suppurative type of infection [pus-forming]
habitant of skin and mucous membrane
staph
found in environment on dust
inanimate objects
staph
single most impt test to differentiate pathogenic staph from other species
coagulase test
coagulase producing staph
Hyicus Aureus Delphini Intermedius Schleiferi
all coagulase producing staph are animal species except
aureus
virulence factors of staph [5]
enterotoxin exfoliative toxin cytolytic toxin enzymes protein A
type of VF
heat stable
enterotoxin
type of enterotoxin that are resistant to gastric acid and digestive juices
enterotoxin A and enterotoxin D
produce acid in the form of HCl
parietal cells
type of VF
phage group II
involvement of skin
formation of blisters
Exfoliative toxin
type of exfoliative toxin Observed among tampon
Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1
type of exfoliative toxin
sloughing off of epidermal layer of skin
scalded skin syndrome [Ritter disease]
epidermolytic
staph infection most observed where
skin
type of cytolytic toxin
platelets destroyed
alpha toxin/ hemolysin
type of cytolytic toxin
injury on most cells on culture and to leukocytes
less lethal
delta hemolysin
another name for leukocidin
Panton-Valentine
type of cytolytic
lethal to PMN [macrophage]
invasiveness of organism
Leukocidin
another name for beta hemolysin
hot cold lysin
attacks sphingomyelin of RBC membrane
beta hemolysin
enzymes as VF [3]
Coagulase
Hyaluronidase
Lipase
type of enzyme
clumping factor
virulence marker
coagulase
type of enzyme
coagulase + and coagulase -
acts on fats and oils
responsible for colonization
lipases
type of enzyme
hydrolyze hyaluronic acid
with exfoliation
tries to make skin loose so bacteria can spread
hyaluronidase
another name for hyaluronidase
Durans-Reynal Factor or Spreading factor
type of VF with phagocytic activity
protein A
epidemiology of staph [3]
anterior nares of human carriers
hospital outbreaks [common nosocomial infections]
infant nurseries, burn units, invasive procedures
transmission of staph [2]
direct contact community-acquired infections poor hygiene fomite transmission [nonliving] carriers
how to prevent s.aureus infection
hand washing
Cutaneous infection [4]
bullous impetigo
boils
furuncles
carbuncles
toxin induced diseases [4]
food poisoning [refrigerated foods rich with creamy sauces & mayonnaise]
toxic shock syndrome
scalded skin syndrome
toxic epidermal necrolysis
meaning of SSS
Scalded Skin Syndrome
meaning of TEN
toxic epidermal necrolysis
resolution for toxic induced diseases
steroid therapy
disease observed among young menstruating females
toxic shock syndrome
common among sexually active young women
S. saprophyticus
also seen in older men with indwelling catheter
S. saprophyticus
resistant to novobiocin
S. saprophyticus
most common hospital acquired UTI
catheter infection
causes UTI
S. saprophyticus
associated with pyelonephritis and cystitis
S. saprophyticus
a multisystemic disease characterized by high fever, hypotension, shock
other conditions are pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis
toxic shock syndrome
isolation and identification culture media used [4]
thioglycollate broth
MSA
PEA
CNA
CNA meaning
columbia colistin nalidixic agar
PEA meaning
phenylethyl alcohol agar
MSA meaning
mannitol salt agar
cm which differentiates S. aureus from other staph
MSA
cm which eliminates Gram (-) only gram + is allowed to grow
PEA
colony size of aureus, epidermidis, saprophyticus
pinhead
type of staph beta hemolytic
aureus
type of staph non-hemolytic [2]
epidermidis and saprophyticus
color of colonies of aureus
yellow, tan, orange
color of colonies of epidermidis
white
color of colonies of saprophyticus
yellow
a clear zone indicates
hemolytic rxn
substrate of catalase test
3% hydrogen peroxide
genus + for catalase
staph
genus - for catalase
strep
enterococcus
blood used in coagulase test
citrated blood
coagulase + bacteria
s. aureus
coagulase - bacteria
epidermidis or saprophyticus
novobiocin susceptible
epidermidis
novobiocin resistant
saprophyticus
coagulase test - for cell bound coagulase
slide test
rgts in slide test
human, rabbit, dog plasma
type of glass slide used in slide test
smoked glass slide
coagulase test for free coagulase
tube coagulase test
number of hours of incubation for tube coag test
4 hrs
why is there a need to check every time for the clot during the whole incubation period
S. aureus has hyaluronidase which can liquefy the clot = false negative
in msa, what does a yellow color mean
acid fermentation/LF
in msa, what does a red color mean
alkaline
what type of test rxn involves clearing of toluidine blue
DNAse Test Reaction
base medium of DNAse Test Reaction
nutrient agar
reagent in DNAse Test Reaction
dilute HCl
in DNAse Test Reaction, it is an indication of nucleic acid hydrolysis
blue green to pink
no clearing means what in DNAse Test Reaction
DNA not utilized
(+) in DNAse Test Reaction means
Hydrolysis of DNA
agar in gelatinase test
gelatin
reaction of gelatinase producing organism in gelatinase test
gelatin will liquefy
test to differentiate saprophyticus from other species
thermostable nuclease test/ novobiocin testing
s. aureus enzyme stable at what temp
40C
Other methods: rapid testing
SEROSTAT Slide Test Staphylatex Accu-staph staphurex staphyloslide hemastaph staphase
