HEMA LEC - RBC Content and Distributions and Assoc Diseases Flashcards
Cells have the normal one-third clear, central pallor area
Normochromasia
a. Central pallor area is greater than one-third the diameter of the cell
Hypochromasia
MCH and MCHC usually decreased
Hypochromasia
Often associated with microcytosis
Hypochromasia
Seen in iron-deficiency anemia, thalassemias, anemia of chronic disease, sideroblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes
Hypochromasia
hypochromasia grading
Area of central pallor is one half of cell diameter
1+
hypochromasia grading
Area of central pallor is two third of cell diameter
2+
hypochromasia grading
Area of central pallor is three fourth of cell diameter
3+
hypochromasia grading
Thin rim of haemoglobin
4+
Variation in hemoglobin content showing a slight blue tinge when stained with Wright’s stain; residual RNA
Polychromasia
Indicates reticulocytosis; supravital reticulocyte stain to enumerate
Polychromasia
polychromasia indicates ____
reticulocytosis
Usually slightly macrocytic
Polychromasia
polychromasia grading
1%
Slight
3% polychromasia grading
1+
5% polychromasia grading
2+
10% polychromasia grading
3+
> 11% polychromasia grading
4+
(term no longer used)
Current terminology is spherocyte; lacks a central pallor area
Hyperchromasia
current terminology for hyperchromasis
spherocyte
Stacking or “coining” patterns of erythrocytes due to abnormal or increased plasma proteins
Rouleaux
May see excessively blue color to smear macroscopically and microscopically
Rouleaux
Seen in hyperproteinemia, multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom
Rouleaux
Waldenstrom
Rouleaux
To confirm true rouleaux formation, ___________ is employed. A drop of NSS will disperse false rouleaux while true rouleaux remains INTACT
saline replacement
saline replacement
Rouleaux
Macroglobulinemia, and conditions that produce increased fibrinogen (chronic inflammation)
Rouleaux
True rouleaux formation is determined in the ___ area of the peripheral smear.
thin
Characterized by clumping of erhthrocytes with no pattern
Agglutination
Occurs when erythrocytes are coated with IgM antibodies and complement
Agglutination
Seen in cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold agglutinin disease)
Seen in cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold agglutinin disease)
Warm blood to 37oC to correct a false low RBC and hematocrit, and false high MCHC (>37g/dL) when using an automated cell counting instrument.
Agglutination
