Para Lec - A. lumbricoides & T. trichiura Flashcards
hookworms attach on small intestines via
pith
common name of Ascaris lumbricoides
giant intestinal roundworm
final host of Ascaris lumbricoides
man
habitat of Ascaris lumbricoides
small intestine
diagnostic stage of Ascaris lumbricoides
ova (fertilized or unfertilized)
infective stage of Ascaris lumbricoides
EMBRYONATED egg
sources of infection of Ascaris lumbricoides
STH
soil with contaminated feces
MoT of Ascaris lumbricoides
Ingestion
Portal of entry of Ascaris lumbricoides
mouth
Portal of exit of Ascaris lumbricoides
anus
egg with a larva waiting to be hatched
embryonated egg
embryonated egg of A. lumbricoides may remain viable for
3 months
neglected tropical disease, problem of underdeveloped countries
Ascariasis
how much of the world’s population is infected with Ascariasis?
1/8th of the world’s population
largest intestinal nematodes infecting humans
Ascaris lumbricoides
obligatory extraintestinal migration of Ascaris lumbricoides causes
eosinophilia
lifespan of Ascaris lumbricoides
1-2 years
intensity of infection of Ascaris lumbricoides greatest in what age group
children 5-10 years old
which helminth requires heart and lung migration to be fully developed
Ascaris lumbricoides
Eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides can survive the acidity of small intestine. T or F
T
Where does Ascaris lumbricoides release its larva
small intestine
where do adult worms of Ascaris lumbricoides live
small intestine
number of eggs that a female Ascaris lumbricoides produce per day
200 000 eggs/day
how many months required from ingestion of infective eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides to oviposition by the adult F
2-3
Where does maturation of worm of Ascaris lumbricoides take place
S.I.
Where does the female Ascaris lumbricoides become fertilized
S.I.
color of adult worms of Ascaris lumbricoides
creamy white to pinkish yellow
describe head of adult worm of Ascaris lumbricoides (2)
trilobate/triradiate lips
small triangular buccal cavity
female or male adult worm of Ascaris lumbricoides
tapered at both ends and large (20-35, up to 45 cm)
female
female or male adult worm of Ascaris lumbricoides
smaller and slender
curve posteriorly
equipped with copulatory spicule
male
what stage of the Ascaris lumbricoides penetrates the intestinal villi
larval stage
what stage of the Ascaris lumbricoides invades the lungs
larval stage
what stage of the Ascaris lumbricoides is swalloed from the throat
larval stage
type of egg in unicellular stage
fertilzed egg
egg with developed alrva
found in the environment
embryonated ehh
geographic prevalence of a. lumbricoides
highest in warm, wet climates
types of soil preferred by Ascaris lumbricoides
loamy, soft soil, shady
pre-patency of Ascaris lumbricoides
2 months
pathology due to larva of Ascaris lumbricoides may cause ___ (2)
pneumonitis/Loeffler’s disease
eosiniphilia
in migration stage of of Ascaris lumbricoides, this condition is common
eosinophilia
what occurs when an antihelminthic drug is given when the patient has fever
erraticity
these remnants may also be seen in of Ascaris lumbricoides infection [related to eosinophilia]
Charcot-Leyden crystals
adult phase of ascaris causes [3]
malnutrition
impaired physical growth
mild abdominal discomfort
condition caused by adult ascaris
small bowel obstruction (in children, few as 60 worms?)
mild abdominal discomfort
infection of gall bladder
cholangitis
manifestations of wandering ascaris (in severe infections) [4]
biliary tract infections
pancreatitis
cholangitis
liver abscess
2 types of treatment for ascaris
selective and mass
more effective treatment for ascaris
mass
drug of choice for treatment for ascaris
albendazole x 1 dose
mass of ascaris worms in intestines that cause GIT perforations
worm bolus
diagnosis of ascaris (types of stool exams) (4)
DFS
Kato
Kato Katz
Brine Flotation Technique
Diagnosis of ascaris
more sensitive than dfs
Kato katz/Kato
Diagnosis of ascaris
for determining the intensity of infection
kato katz technique
Diagnosis of ascaris
uses a hypertonic solution
Brine Flotation Technique
Diagnosis of ascaris
has a tendency to damage cells
Brine Flotation Technique
ratio for glycerol solution
1 part water
1 part glycerol
1:1
materials in kato katz technique
50% glycerol-malachite green solution wire mesh (60 - 105 mesh)
materials in kato katz technique
removes fecal debris
wire mesh
use of malachite green
provide contrast
other conc techniques aside from brine flotation
zinc sulfate conc. technique
MIFCT
FECT
root cause of A. lumbricoides
poverty
layers present in corticated fertilized egg
mamillary coat
glycogen layer
vitelline layer
layers present in decorticated fertilized egg
glycogen layer
vitelline layer
layers present in corticated unfertilized egg
mamillary coat
glycogen layer
layers present in decorticated unfertilized egg
glycogen layer
When will pneumonitis manifest in ascaris
4-16 days after infection
Number of worms involved in mild abdominal discomfort
60 worms
