HEMA LEC - Erythrocyte Inclusions And Associated Diseases Flashcards
Usually orthochromic normoblasts (metarubricyte) but can appear in any erythrocytic stage of maturation
Nucleated RBCs (nRBCs, nucRBCs)
Indicate bone marrow stimulation or increased erythropoiesis
Nucleated RBCs (nRBCs, nucRBCs)
Associated with thalassemia major, sickle cell anemia, and other hemolytic anemias, erythroleukemia, and myeloproliferative disorders
Nucleated RBCs (nRBCs, nucRBCs)
Normal newborns can have a few
Nucleated RBCs (nRBCs, nucRBCs)
Healthy individuals should have none on a peripheral blood smear.
Nucleated RBCs (nRBCs, nucRBCs)
Small, round DNA fragments (0.5-1.0um in diameter) usually one per cell, but can be multiple which results from karyorrhexis or nuclear disintegration
Howell-Jolly bodies
Stain dark purple to black with Wright’s stain; positive (+) in Feulgen Reaction
Howell-Jolly bodies
Not seen in normal erythrocytes; normally pitted by splenic macrophages
Howell-Jolly bodies
karyorrhexis or nuclear disintegration
Howell-Jolly bodies
d. Seen in sickle cell anemia, beta-thalassemia major, and other severe hemolytic anemias, MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA, alcoholism, post-splenectomy, accelerated erythropoiesis
Howell-Jolly bodies
Multiple, tiny, fine, or coarse inclusion (ribosomal RNA remnants) evenly dispersed throughout the cell;
Basophilic stippling (punctuate basophilia)
“blueberry bagel” appearance
Basophilic stippling (punctuate basophilia)
Stain dark blue with Wright’s stain
Basophilic stippling (punctuate basophilia)
Seen in in thalassemias, megaloblastic anemias, sideroblastic anemia, LEAD POISONING, pyrimidine-5-nucleotidase deficiency, and alcoholism
Basophilic stippling (punctuate basophilia)
Small, irregular, dark-staining IRON granules usually clumped together at PERIPHERY of the cell
Pappenheimer bodies
Stain with Perl’s Prussian blue stain; appear dark violet with Wright’s stain
Pappenheimer bodies
Caused by an accumulation of ribosomes, mitochondria, and iron fragments
Pappenheimer bodies
Seen in sideroblastic anemia, hemoglobinopathies, thalassemia megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (RARS)!!!
Pappenheimer bodies
Thin, red-violet, single to multiple ringlike structures that may appear in lip or figure-eight shapes
Cabot rings
Seen in megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, lead poisoning
Cabot rings
Composed of fragments of nuclear material, specifically, remnants of microtubules of mitotic spindle
Cabot rings
Condensed, intracellular, rod-shaped crystal, or hexagonal crystals with blunt ends and stains darkly
Hemoglobin C crystals
Seen in hemoglobin C or SC disease, but not in trait
Hemoglobin C crystals
1-2 blunt, fingerlike projection extending from the cell membrane
Hemoglobin SC crystals (Washington monument)
Seen in hemoglobin SC disease
Hemoglobin SC crystals (Washington monument)
Multiple inclusions ranging in size from 0.3 to 2.0um
Invisible with Wright’s stain; must use a supravital stain to visualize; usually crystal violet
Heinz bodies
Seen in G6PD deficiency, beta-thalassemia major, Hgb H disease, unstable hemoglobinopathies, drug-induced anemias
Heinz bodies
Represent denatured hemoglobin
Heinz bodies
include P. vivax, P, falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale
Malarial parasite
protozoan inclusion (B. microti), transmitted from deer to humans by tick bite. RBC inclusion resembles that of P. falciparum rings which a characteristic “MALTESE CROSS” appearance
Babesia
