blood histo Flashcards
functions of blood
transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
carries nutrients from GIT to diff tissues
brings waste products to kidneys
distributes hormones to their target organs
55% of total blood quantity
composed of water, organic and inorganic substances, hormones and enzymes
Plasma
Blood w/o fibrinogen content
Serum
Consists 40-50% of blood volume
Solid elements
cellular elements of blood
rbc
wbc
platelets
non cellular elements of blood
chylomicrons
hematokonia/blood dust
not true cells; no nucleus
specialized for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport
erythrocytes
number of rbc in men
5.4 M/mL
Number of rbc in women
4.8 M/mL
Life span of rbc
120 days
Gives acidophilic color to rbc
Oxygen and carbon dioxide carrier
Hemoglobin
Normal Number of hemoglobin
12-15 gm/100 ml
normal Hgb
normochromic
inc Hgb
hyperchromic
dec Hgb
Hypochromic
different hapes
Poikilocytosis
diff sizes
anisocytosis
effects of salt sol’n
when sol’n is hypertonic
crenation
effects of salt sol’n
when sol’n is hypotonic
hemolysis
granular wbc
neutrophils
basophils
eosinophils
most common granular wbc (40-75%)
with 2 or more nuclei
“polys”/PMN
“drumstick” chromosome
Neutrophils
life span of Neutrophils
about 8 days
1-2% of WBC population
with bilobed nucleus
w/ eosinophilic specific granules
eosinophil
least common WBC (<1%)
w/ U shaped nucleus
w/basophilic specific granules
basophils
smallest WBC
2nd most common WBC (20-35%)
lymphocytes
types of lymphocytes based on site of formation
T-lymphocytes
B-lymphocytes
type of lymphocytes
memory cells
arises from bone marrow and proliferates in the thymus
activates B lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes
T-lymphocytes arises from —— and proliferates in the —–
bone marrow
thymus
type of lymphocytes
does not pass the thymus
produces antibodies
b lymphocytes
life span of b lymphocytes
few days
largest WBC
2-10% of WBC population
w/ horseshoe shaped nucleus
Monocyte
small, colorless, non-nucleated
non-motile cytoplasmic fragments
platelets
normal value of platelets
200,00 - 400,000 mL
development of blood cells
hemopoiesis
2 tissues producing blood cells
lymphoid
myeloid
tissue that produce lymphocytes
lymphoid
tissue that produce rbc, wbc, platelets
myeloid (red bone marrow)
shifts from one region to another
fetal hemopoiesis
3 phases of fetal hemopoiesis
mesoblastic - blood islands
hepatic - liver and spleen
myeloid - bone marrow
theories of blood cell formation
monophyletic/unitarian
polyphyletic
theories of blood cell formation
common stem cell
monophyletic/unitarian
theories of blood cell formation
primitive cell for each blood cell type
diphyletic/dualistic
polyphyletic
stages of RBC formation
proerythroblast/rubriblast basophilic erythroblast polychromatophilic erythroblast acidophilic erythroblast reticulocyte erythrocyte
stages of granulopoiesis
pro-myelocyte
myelocyte
metamyelocyte
mature form
