anatomy of brain Flashcards
elevated ridges
gyri
shallow groove
sulcus
divide the cerebrum into
lobes
fissure
involved in planning, problem solving, decision making
controls behavior and emotions
frontal
controls sensation (touch, smell and taste)
parietal lobe
- controls reception and perception
of visual information - perceives shapes and colors
occipital
involved in olfactory and
auditory sensations
temporal
- located at the parietal lobe
gustatory
located at the posterior part of
the occipital lobe
VISUAL
found at the temporal lobe
AUDIORY
located at the medial temporal
lobe
OLFACTORY
Outer layer OF CEREBRUM
Composed mostly neurons
gray matter
layer of cerebrum
Fiber tracts inside the gray matter
-transmit impulses
Example: corpus callosum connects hemispheres
white matter
Sits on top of the brain stem Enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres Made of Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus
DIENCEPHALON
Surrounds the third ventricle
Transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for localization and interpretation
THALAMUS
- serves as connection bet.
right and left thalamus
INTERTHALAMIC DIVISION
- fiber tract
- connects the two
cerebral hemispheres
- connects the two
corpus callosum
- bet. Corpus callosum
and fornix
- membranous partition
- separates right and left
lateral ventriclesseptum pellucidum
Inferior to the thalamus
Most inferior part of diencephalon
Maintains homeostasis
Controls body temperature, hunger and thirst
hypothalamus
- funnel shaped stalk
- extends from the floor
of the hypothalamus
to the pituitary gland
- extends from the floor
infundibiulm
- hangs from the
anterior floor of the
hypothalamus- produces hormones
Pituitary gland/hypophysis
- posterior to pituitary
gland
- reflex center involved
in olfaction (sense of
smell)mammillary body
Small area superior and posterior to the thalamus
Forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle
Houses the pineal gland and choroid plexus of third ventricle
epithalamus
- knots of capillaries
within each ventricle
-covered with
ependymal cells
- forms the
cerebrospinal fluidchoroid plexus
About the size of a thumb in diameter
3 inches long
connects the spinal cord to the brain
brain stem
Superior to the pons
Extends from the mammillary body to the pons inferiorly
midbrain
- rounded protrusions
- superior and
inferior colliculi - Reflex centers for
vision and hearing
- superior and
corpora quadrigemina
tiny canal that
connects 3rd ventricle
to the 4th ventricle
AQUEDUCT OF SYLVIUS
CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT
The bulging center part of the brain stem
Inferior to the midbrain
Superior to the medulla oblongata
controls breathing swallowing and balance
PONS
The lowest part of the brain stem Merges into the spinal cord Contains important control centers Heart rate control Blood pressure regulation Breathing Swallowing Vomiting
MEDULLA OBLONGAT
Inferior to the occipital lobe
2 hemispheres
Outer cortex (gray matter)
Inner region of white matter (arbor vitae)
Provides precise timing for skeletal muscle activity
Controls balance/
equilibrium
CEREBELLUM
Double-layered external covering
Thickest and strongest layer
DURA MATER
Middle meninx
Web-like
ARACHNOID MATER
Internal layer
Delicate layer that adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord
PIA MATER
