SI LEC - Scientists II

Question 1

: used skin grafts to show that tolerance is acquired characteristics of the lymphoid cells – a key feature of clonal selection theory

Answer 1

PETER MEDAWAR

Question 2

: proposed the first generally accepted clonal selection hypothesis of adaptive immunity

Answer 2

FRANK MaCFARLANE BURNET

Question 3

reported that dizygotic twin cattle, which were true chimeras, were immunologically tolerant of each other tissues and serum –- description of tolerance (chimerism) in dizygotic cattle twins.

Answer 3

RAY OWEN:

Question 4

worked out the genetics on murine MHC & generated the congenic strains needed for its biological analysis laying the groundwork for our current understanding of MHC in T cell biology.

Answer 4

GEORGE SNELL:

Question 5

developed precipitin test in gels and the idiotypes.

Answer 5

JACQUES OUIDIN:

Question 6

discovered immunoglobulins as “transporteurs”

Answer 6

PIERRE GRABAR:

Question 7

developed double immunodiffusion test in gels.

Answer 7

ORJAN OUCHTERLONY & STEPHEN ELEK:

Question 8

discovered plasma cells as antibody producing cells.

Answer 8

ASTRUD FARGAEUS:

Question 9

provided experimental evidence of acquired immunologic tolerance

Answer 9

ILAN HASEK:

Question 10

was an early pioneer in the study of the human major histocompatibility complex or HLA

Answer 10

JEAN DAUSSET:

Question 11

: introduced radioimmunoassay

Answer 11

ROSALYN YALOW

Question 12

made crucial discoveries about the structure of immunoglobulins, the first complete sequence of antibody molecule.

Answer 12

GERALD EDELMAN:

Question 13

discovered IgE as reaginic antibody.

Answer 13

KIMISHIGE ISHIZAKA:

Question 14

discovered that bursa of Fabricius is responsible for generating the cells capable of manufacturing antibodies – B cells

Answer 14

NOEL WARMER:

Question 15

were interested in transplantation

Answer 15

E. DOUMAL THOMAS & JOSEPH MURRAY:

Question 16

discovered immune response genes and collaborated in the first demonstration of MHC restriction

Answer 16

BARUJ BENACERRAF:

Question 17

discovered that adaptive immunity is mediated by lymphocytes, focusing the attention of immunologists on these small cells.

Answer 17

JAMES GOWANS:

Question 18

developed the hemolytic plaque assay and several important immunological theories, including an early version of clonal selection, a prediction that lymphocyte receptors would be inherently biased to MHC recognition, and the idiotype

Answer 18

NIELS JERNE:

Question 19

pioneered monoclonal antibody production from hybrid antibody-forming cells with Cesar Milstein

Answer 19

GEORGE KOHLER:

Question 20

pioneered monoclonal antibody production George Kohler

Answer 20

CESAR MILSTEIN:

Question 21

worked out the polypeptide structure of an antibody molecule, layering the groundwork for its analysis by protein sequencing

Answer 21

RODNEY PORTER:

Question 22

discovered the somatic recombination of immunological receptor genes that underlies the generation of diversity in human and murine antibodies and T cells receptors.

Answer 22

SUSUMO TONEGAWA: