FEMALE REPRO Flashcards
– most conspicuous, spreads out on both sides of uterus and attaches to the ovaries and uterine tubes
Broad Ligament
2 small organs suspended in the pelvic cavity by ligaments
-covered by a layer of visceral peritoneum
OVARIES –
OUTER PART OF OVARIES
dense CT which contain ovarian follicles which contain oocyte
inner part of ovaries
: loose CT, with bv, lv, and nerves
– extends from each ovary to lateral body wall
o Suspensory ligament
attaches ovary to superior margin of uterus
o Ovarian ligament –
folds of peritoneum that attach ovaries to the posterior surface of broad ligament
-way by which ovarian arteries, veins, nerves traverse suspensory l and enter ovary
o Mesovarium –
- cells from which oocytes develop
*Oogonia
associated with each ovary
- extend from area of ovaries to uterus
- open directly into the peritoneal cavity near each ovary and receive the secondary oocyte
UTERINE TUBE OR FALLOPIAN TUBE OR OVIDUCT –
– opening of each uterine tube is surrounded by long, thin processes
FIMBRIAE
where fertilization occurs, part of the uterine tube near ovary
Ampulla –
– fertilized oocyte embeds in the uterine wall
Implantation
– medium sized pear
-supported by broad and round ligament
UTERUS
– part of uterus superior to the entrance of uterine tubes
o Fundus
main part of uterus
o Body –
narrower part OF UTERUS
o Cervix –
– formed from the uterine cavity and uterine body; lined by mucouss glands
o Cervical canal
– outer or serous layer; formed from visceral peritoneum OF UTERINE WALL
o
o Perimetrium
– middle or muscular layer; have smooth muscle
-thick, accounts for the bulk of uterine wall
Myometrium
– innermost layer
- simple columnar + CT layer
- Spiral glands – simple tubular glans formed by endometrium folds
- superficial part is sloughed off during menstruation
o Endometrium
uterus extends inferiorly into vagina
Prolapsed uterus –
- female organ of copulation
- receives penis during intercourse
- extends from uterus to outside of body
- superior portion is attached to sides of cervix
VAGINA
VAGINA has inner muscular layer to
ncrease in size to accommodate penis and during childbirth
– thin mucous membrane covering the vaginal opening in young F
- may completely close vaginal orifice, in which case it must be removed to allow menstrual flow
- perforated by one or several holes
- openings are usually enlarged during the first sexual intercourse
- can be torn/perforated due to variety of activites
- not reliable indicator of virginity
hymen
- vestibule + surrounding structures
EXTERNAL FEMALE GENITALIA or VULVA or PUDENDUM
– space into which vagina and urethra open
-bordered by labia minora
VESTIBULE
thin, longitudinal skin folds
-unite over clitoris to form prepuce
LABIA MINORA –
– prominent rounded folds of skin lateral to labia minora
- lateral surface covered with hair
- medial surface has sebaceous and sweat glands
LABIA MAJORA
space between labia majora
PUDENDAL CLEFT –
– has shaft and distal glans
- like glans penis, well supplied by sensory receptors
- made up of erectile tissue
CLITORIS
– produce a lubricating fluid that helps maintain moistness of vestibule
GREATER VESTIBULAR GLANDS
– where two labia majora unite
-covered with hair
MONS PUBIS
– region between vagina and anus
- can tear during childbirth
- episiotomy prevents such tearing
CLINICAL PERINEUM
organs of milk production, located in the breasts
- modified sweat glands
- has a raised nipple surrounded by areola (circular pigmented area) both M and F
MAMMARY GLANDS –
permanent enlargement of male breasts
-caused by hormonal imbalances and anabolic steroids abuse
GYNECOMASTIA –
– surround alveoli and contract to expel milk from alveoli
• Myoepithelial cells
secretory sacs in mammary glands/ breasts
alveoli
very sensitive to tactile stimulation and contain smooth muscle
-become erect when it contracts in response to stimuli such as touch, cold, sexual arousal
NIPPLES –
Stimulate ovulation and formation of corpus luteum
LH
Initiates development of follicles
FSH
Following ovulation, inhibit LH and FSH secretion
Estro
Progesto
