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Botany > BACTE LEC - Strep pdf > Flashcards

BACTE LEC - Strep pdf Flashcards

1
Q

– they grow in the
presence of oxygen but cannot use oxygen for
respiration

A

Aerotolerant anaerobe

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2
Q

types of strep based on respiration (???)

A

Facultative anaerobe
• Aerotolerant anaerobe
• capnophilic

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3
Q

taxo A positive /

bacitracin(S)

A

group A strep

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4
Q

complications of group A [2]

A

Complications:

  • rheumatic fever
  • AGN
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5
Q

Infections of group A [3, PPT]

A

Infections:

  • pharyngitis / strep throat
  • pyodermal infections
  • toxic shock syndrome
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6
Q

Test: detects activity
of L-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase or
pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase

A

PYR

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7
Q

Meaning of PYR

A

(Pyrrolidonyl-anaphthylamide

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8
Q

group A strep antigenic structure
attached to the peptidoglycan of the cell wall and
extends to the cell surface
– essential for virulence

A

M protein

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9
Q

– Best defined virulence factor of group A strep
– Resists phagocytosis
– Adherence of bacterial cell to mucosal cells

A

M protein

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10
Q

Both are adhesion molecules that mediate

adherence to host epithelial cells. [group A[

A

Fibronectin-binding protein (protein F)

• Lipoteichoic acid

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11
Q

– Group A VF weakly
immunogenic; prevents opsonized
phagocytosis by neutrophils or macrophages;
allows bacterium to mask its antigens and
remain unrecognized by its host

A

Hyaluronic acid capsule

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12
Q

– hemolysis incubated anerobically;
oxygen labile; lyzes blood cells; highly
immunogenic, ASO test

A

SLO

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13
Q

– hemolysis incubated aerobically; oxygen

stable; lyzes WBC, nonimmunogenic

A

• SLS

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14
Q

Most common DNase [grp A]

A

DNase A,B

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15
Q

Pyodermal Infections of gp A[CISE]

–

A

Impetigo, Erysipelas, Cellulitis, scarlet fever

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16
Q

• Activates plasmin, turning itself into a tissue

degrader

A

Impetigo Caused by Streptococcus

pyogenes

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17
Q
  • beta hemolytic (small zone)
  • taxo A (-)
  • CAMP test (+) / Hippurate hydrolysis(+)
A

Group B

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18
Q

Group B Virulence Factor
– prevents phagocytosis; ineffective
after opsonization; with sialic acid w/c inhibits
activation of the alternative pathway

A

• Capsule

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19
Q

Group B Virulence Factor
– most significant component of the
capsule; critical virulence determinant

A

• Sialic acid

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20
Q

Group B - No role in virulence [5]

A
  • Hemolysin
  • CAMP factor
  • Dnase
  • Hyaluronidase
  • protease
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21
Q

Group B – Clinical Infections [2]

A
  • pneumonia or meningitis with bacetermia

• Mastitis in cattle

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22
Q

Small-colony-forming-

A

S. anginosus (Viridans)

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23
Q

Large-colony-forming (w/ Group A) –

A

pyogenic
streptococci
– S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis – upper
respiratory tract, vagina, skin, spectrum of
infections – like Group A

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24
Q

nonenterococcus

• Opportunistic infections

A

Group D Streptococcus

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25
Q

Species of Group D Streptococcus

A

– S. equinus

– S. bovis

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26
Q

Lab ID:

  • Alpha or nonhemolytic
  • PYR (-)
  • psuedocatalase
  • Bile esculin(+)
  • 6.5% NaCl (-)
A

Group D Streptococcus

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27
Q
  • Group D antigen

* Same infections as group D Strep

A

Enterococcus spp.

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28
Q 
Lab ID
Varied hemolysis
- produce acid in CHO broth
- Arginine hydrolysis
- Tolerate 0.04 % tellurite (E. faecalis)
- Utilize pyruvate
- Produce acid from methyl-a-D-glucopyranoside (MGP)
- Growth around 100 ug efrotomycin disk
- motile
- PYR (+)
- Bile esculin(+)
- 6.5% NaCl(+), 45 degrees C, alkaline pH
A

Enterococcus spp.

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29
Q

1 cause of bacterial pneumonia - lobar

(especially in the elderly and in those with
underlying disease) sinusitis, otitis media (most
common isolate in

A

s. pneumoniae

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30
Q

lab ID
- alpha hemolytic, CAP, brain-heart infusion agar,
trypticase soy agar with 5% sheep RBC;

A

s. pneumoniae

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31
Q

lab ID

dome shaped if young; coin with raised rim if old

A

s. pneumoniae

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32
Q

gram variable as culture ages

  • gram (+) diplococci; lancet shape
  • taxo P(+) / Optochin susceptible
  • Bile solubility(+)
  • Capsular Swelling(+)
A

s. pneumoniae

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33
Q

No Lancefield group antigens
• green – alpha hemolytic
• fastidious, some require CO2
• oropharyngeal commensals - oppportunistic

A

Viridans

34
Q

5 groups under Viridans

A 
S. mitis group 
• S. mutans group 
• S. salivarius group
• S. bovis 
• S. anginosus
35
Q

– Infections:
• - oropharyngeal commensals - oppportunistic

  • endocarditis with transient bacteremia
  • meningitis
  • dental caries
  • osteomyelitis
A

Viridans Group

36
Q
  • most common cause of SBE
A

Viridans Group

37
Q

PYR (-)
• LAP (+) leucine-B-naphthylamide, is hydrolyzed to
B-napthylamine + paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) = red
• alpha or non-hemolytic

A

Viridans Group

38
Q

• Ferments sugars, VP, B-D-glucuronidase acitivity,
hippurate hydrolysis – for species within the
viridans group
- taxo P (-)
- Bile esculin(-)

A

Viridans Group

39
Q

biochem characteristics
• Throat swab
• Growth of most interfering respiratory
micobiota will be inhibited by SXT, but S.
pyogenes and S. agalactiae will grow. – may
have variable results – do PYR

A

Bacitracin susceptibility

40
Q

biochem characteristics
• B-lysin producing strain of S. aureus
• Disk impregnated with the B-lysin

A

CAMP test

41
Q

biochem characteristics
– a drop of
extracted B-lysin on a colony  enhanced
hemolysis

A

Rapid CAMP test (spot CAMP)

42
Q

biochem characteristics
• Hippuricase / hippurate hydrolase hydrolyzes
sodium hippurate to form sodium benzoate
and glycine
• Nihydrin
• Deep purple

A

Hippurate Hydrolysis

43
Q

biochem characteristics
hydrolyzes sodium hippurate to form sodium benzoate
and glycine

A

Hippuricase / hippurate hydrolase

44
Q

biochem characteristics
Detects activity of L-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
or pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase
• PYR impregnated disks serve as the substrate
to produce a-naphthylamine which is detected
in the presence of Ddimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMCA) 
red

A

PYR Hydrolysis

45
Q

biochem characteristics
• Hydrolyzes peptide bonds adjacent to a free
amino group
• The substrate, leucine-B-naphthylamide, is
hydrolyzed to B-napthylamine + paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) 
red

A

LAP

46
Q

biochem characteristics
• Small colony forming B-hemolytic anginosus
group with groups A or C antigens vs. large
colony forming pyogenic strains with the same
antigens
• Detects acetoin production from glucose
• 5% a-naphthol + 40 % KOH; RT x 30 mins 
red or pink color

A

VP

47
Q

biochem characteristics
• Enzyme in large colony forming B-hemolytic
Groups C and G Strep
• (-) in small colony forming B-hemolytic
anginosus group

A

B-D-Glucoronidase

48
Q

biochem characteristics
• cfb gene – encodes CAMP-factor protein
• ptsI (phosphotransferase) – Group A, C and G
can be distinguished

A

Nucleic Acid Probes

49
Q

biochem characteristics
• Autocatalytic enzyme amidase
• Organism’s cell wall lyses during cell division
• Suspension in solution of Na deoxycholate
lyses  solution becomes clear

A

Bile Solubility

50
Q

biochem characteristics
• Incubate overnight at 35 degrees C in a CO2
incubator
• Zone of inhibition > 14 mm with a 6 mm disk
or >16 mm with a 10 mm disk
• Do bile solubility if zone is smaller

A

Optochin Susceptibility

51
Q

biochem characteristics
• For non hemolytic, catalase (-), g(+) cocci
• 40 % bile; ability to hydrolyze esculin (for
Group D and Enterococcus)
• Enterococcus and Aerococcus grow in 6.5%
NaCl broth

A

Bile Esculin and Salt Tolerance

51
Q

A-naphthylamine detected in the lresence of

A

Dimethylcinnamaldehyde

52
Q

DMCA meaning

A

Dimethylcinnamaldehyde

53
Q

Uncommon human pathogens

A

Group C and G strep

54
Q

VF of e faecalis

A

Extracellularw serine protease

Gelatinase

55
Q

VF of e faecalis which contribute to colonization and adherence to heart valves

A

Extracellularw serine protease

Gelatinase

56
Q

Enterococcus with cytolysin

A

E faecalis

57
Q

SBE meaning

A

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

58
Q

Chemical reaction of s pneumoniae

A

CRP + C substance = ppt

59
Q

Treatment for strep pneumoniae

A

Penicillin

60
Q

Treatment for strep pneumoniae if penicillin resistant

A

Erythromycin and chloramphenicol

61
Q

Strep with antigen c similar to c carbohydrate of lancefield grouping

A

S pneumoniae

62
Q

How manu serotypes are there for strep pneumoniae based on capsular antigens

A

82

63
Q

Sterile pleural effusion

A

Empyema

64
Q

Opportunistic, oropharyngeal commensals

A

Viridans

65
Q

CM for strep pneumoniae

A

CAP
BHI
TSA with 5% sheep RBC

66
Q

Colonial characteristic of spneumon if young

A

Dome shaped

67
Q

Colonial characteristic of spneumon if old

A

Coin with raised rim

68
Q

Lancet shape strep

A

Pneumoniar

69
Q

Group of strep
Fastidious
Some require CO2

A

Viridans

70
Q

DMACA

A

Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde

71
Q

5 classif schemes [HPCBS]

A 
Hemolytic pattern on BAP
Physiologic characteristics
Serologic grouping [lancefield]
Capsular polysaccharide
Biochemical characteristics
72
Q

Meaning of LAP

A

Leucine Aminopeptidase

73
Q

Motility of strep

A

Nonmotile

74
Q

Motility of enterococcus

A

Motile

75
Q

C carbohydrate present in all except

A

Viridans group

76
Q

Lancefield classif based on

A

Cell wall structure

77
Q

AGN meaning

A

Acute glomerular nephritis

78
Q

Large colony isolates

A

S. dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis

79
Q

VP detects —

A

Acetoin

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