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Botany > blood - phyana lab > Flashcards

blood - phyana lab Flashcards

1
Q

functions of blood

A

transportation
regulation
protection

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2
Q

composition of blood

A

55% plasma

45%formed elements

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3
Q

composition of plasma

A

91.5% water
7% proteins
1.5% other nutrients

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4
Q

proteins in plasma

A

albumin
globulin
fibrinogen

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5
Q

(54%): function in osmosis; carriers

A

albumin

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6
Q

(38%): serve as antibodies

A

globulin

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7
Q

(7%): important in clotting

A

fibrinogen

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8
Q

types of agranulocytes

A

nk cells
lymphocytes
monocytes

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9
Q

Carries 98.5% of O2 and 23% of CO2

A

hemoglobin

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10
Q

RBC count (gen, males, females)

A

RBC count: about 5 million/µl

Male: 5.4 million cells/µl; female: 4.8 million/µl

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11
Q

structure of RBC which provides for maximal gas exchange

Is flexible for passing through capillaries

A

Lack of nucleus causes biconcave disc shape with extensive plasma membrane

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12
Q

Appear white because of lack of hemoglobin

A

WBC

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13
Q

Normal WBC count:

A

5,000-10,000/µl

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14
Q

WBC count usually increases in

A

INFECTION

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15
Q

Two major classes based on presence or absence of granules in WBC

A

Granular: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Agranular: lymphocytes, monocytes

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16
Q

usually make up 2/3 of all WBCs

A

Neutrophils

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17
Q

Maj function of WBC

A

defense against
Infection and inflammation
Antigen-antibody (allergic) reactions

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18
Q

wbc Life span:

A

typically a few hours to days

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19
Q

high WBC count in response to infection, exercise, surgery

A

Leukocytosis

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20
Q

low WBC count

A

Leukopenia

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21
Q

from megakaryocytes

A

platelets

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22
Q

normal count of platelets

A

150,000-400,000/µl blood

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23
Q

functions of platelets

A

Plug damaged blood vessels

Promote blood clotting

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24
Q

life span of platelets

A

Life span 5–9 days

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25
Q

Life span of RBC

A

3-4 months or 120 days

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26
Q

Blood types in each person are determined by

A

genetics

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27
Q

antigen of Type A

A

A antigen

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28
Q

antigen of Type B

A

B antigen

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29
Q

antigen of Type AB

A

A antigen and B antigen

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30
Q

antigen of Type O

A

No antigens

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31
Q

antibody for Type A

A

anti-B

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32
Q

antibody for Type B

A

anti-A

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33
Q

antibody for Type AB

A

none

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34
Q

antibody for Type O

A

anti-A and Anti-B

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35
Q

RBCs with Rh antigen

A

Rh+

36
Q

RBCs without Rh antigen

A

Rh-

37
Q

agglutination with anti-D

A

Rh+

38
Q

NO agglutination with anti-D

A

Rh-

39
Q

color of anti-B

A

yellow

40
Q

color of anti-A

A

blue

41
Q

color of anti-D

A

colorless

42
Q

If mismatched blood (“wrong blood type”) given

A

antibodies bind to antigens on RBC and RBC hemolyse

43
Q

Type AB called “universal recipients” because have no

A

anti-A or anti-B antibodies

44
Q

Type O called “universal donors” because have neither

A

A nor B antigen on RBCs

45
Q

why is type O being a universal donor misleading?

A

Misleading because of many other blood groups that must be matched

46
Q

unclotted blood

A

plasma

47
Q

part of the blood with anticoagulants

A

plasma

48
Q

clotted blood

A

serum

49
Q

part of the blood without anticoagulants

A

serum

50
Q

expired rbc indication

A

reddish plasma because of hemolysis

51
Q

wbc for parastic and allergic rxn

A

eosinophil

52
Q

wbc for viral infection

A

lymphocytes

53
Q

wbc for bacterial infection

A

neutrophil

54
Q

low RBC

A

anemia

55
Q

what temp must platelets be stored to avoid disintegration

A

room temp

56
Q

blood type is affected by (2)

A

genetics

pregnancy

57
Q

2 methods of blood typing

A

forward and reverse

58
Q

method of blood typing which makes use of anti-sera

A

forward

59
Q

methods of blood typing which makes use of known serum

A

reverse

60
Q
A
60
Q

Another term for antigens

A

Agglutinogens

61
Q

Origin of blood since it is a CT

A

Mesenchyma

62
Q

Portion of blood that has no fibrinogen

A

Serum

63
Q

Liquid portion of clotted blood

A

Serum

64
Q

The formed elements of blood are suspended in the —–

A

Plasma

65
Q

Any surface that comes into contact with blood must be —-

A

Disinfected

66
Q

One of the simplest most accurate tests in hematologic investi

A

Hematocrit

67
Q

Thsi readinf gives the percentage of erythrocytes in whole blood

A

Hematocrit

68
Q

What capiklary tube must be used for blood samples with anticoagulant

A

Non heparinized blue

69
Q

Sealed end of capillary tube must br positioned at the ——

A

Periphery

70
Q

The darker the color of the sample

A

The higher the hemoglobin content

71
Q

Components of hemacytometer

A

Counting chamber
WBC pipet
RBC pipet

72
Q

Accessory devices of hemacytometer

A

Thick cover slips

Suction device

73
Q

An ordinary cover slip cannot be used in hemacytometry because

A

It has uneven surface

74
Q

Characteristics of good WBC

A 
Hypotonic
Easily prepared
Cheap
Readily available 
Good preservative
75
Q

If the diluting fluid gors beyond 11 mark or if there re bubbles,

A

Discard mixture and start fron the beginning

76
Q

angle of the pipette while charging

A

30-35

77
Q

In WBC or RBC count secure the pipette using the —— and —– finger

A

Thumb and middle finger

78
Q

Characterisitcs of good RBC diluting fluid

A 
Easy to prepare
Cheap 
Good preservative
High specific gravity
Isotonic
Has a buffer action
Does not initiate the growth of molds
79
Q

Another term for antibodies in the plasma

A

Agglutinins

80
Q

If a certain agglutinogen is present, its corresponding agglutinin must be _____

A

Absent

81
Q

Materials used in blood typing

A

Blood Lancet must be sterile
Applicator stick
Antiserum A B D
70% alcohol

82
Q

Time that elapses from the appearance of the first drop of blood to the time the bleeding stops representa

A

bleeding time

83
Q

Materials used in bleeding time

A

Blood lancet

Filter paper

84
Q

—- surface can shorten bleeding time

A

Rough

85
Q

What was done to demonstrate active hyperemia

A

Left index finger was immersed in hot water 60C

86
Q

What was done to demonstrate passive hyperemia

A

Wind a rubber band tightly above the second interphalangeal joint of thr left index finger

Botany (324 decks)

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